lS(j MUsc'icAi'iii.i;. 



(Enantlie rubicoLi, Vicill. N. Diet. xxi. p. 429. 



(Enanthe rubicolla. Roii.v, Oni. I'rov. pi. 202. 



Saxicola f'ruticeti, iin-/un, Isis, 1828, p. 1282. 



Saxicolii media, Brehm, I'oiii. cit. p. 1282. 



Saxicola tytis, Brehm, torn. cit. p. 1282. 



Saxicola urbicola, Kiister, Isin, 1835, p. 217. 



Fruticola nibicola, Macgill. Brit. B. ii. p. 270. 



Motacilla rupicola (lapsu), Zawudzki, Faun. <iali^.-ht(kmvi)tischen Wirb. 



p. 38 (1840, teste Tiveedchdc). 

 Saxicola maura, Brehm, Naam. 1855, p. 28.'> {wc PidL). 



Adult male in breeding-plumage. General colour abovo jet-black, 

 with more or less distinct remains of saudj--brown edgings to 

 the feathers, esj)ecially on the scapulars ; upper tail-coverts white 

 with subterminal spots of black, the tips being also slightly shaded 

 with sandy buff; wings black, with remains of whitish edgings on 

 the greater coverts and at the tips of the secondaries, the latter 

 being also margined with sandy brown ; a large shoulder-patch of 

 white, formed by the innermost median and greater coverts and the 

 bases to the inner secondaries ; tail dark brown, with edgings and 

 tips of sandy brown on all the feathers, particularly the outermost, 

 which has a narrow sandy-brown margin along the outer web ; 

 sides of face, ear-coverts, and entire throat black, with obsolete 

 remains of sandy margins ; fore neck and entire breast orange- 

 rufous ; the feathers on the sides of the breast white with rufous 

 tips ; on the sides of the neck a large patch of white, reaching in a 

 triangular form to the edge of the throat ; rest of under surface 

 huffy white, the flanks washed with orange-rufous ; under wing- 

 coverts and axillaries white with black bases ; quills blackish brown 

 below, white along the edge of the inner web. Bill and legs black ; 

 iris dark brown. Total length -I'O inches, culmen 0-5, wing 2-6, 

 tail 1-0, tarsus 9. 



Adult male in iv inter plumage. Differs from the summer plumage 

 in being sandy bi-own above ; the black feathers of the upper surface 

 being very broadly edged with this colour, and producing a mottled 

 appearance where the black bases to the feathers show through ; 

 wings black, all the feathers plainly edged with sandy brown, 

 inclining to buffy white at the tips of the median, greater, and 

 primary coverts and of the secondary quills ; upper tail-coverts 

 rufous, with concealed white bases and distinct subterminal spots 

 of black; tail-feathers dark brown, edged with sandy brown and 

 distinctly tipped with fulvous ; black feathers on the sides of the 

 face and throat obscured by broad margins of sandy buff; the white 

 feathers on the sides of the neck scarcely distinguishable, and 

 obscured by broad tips of sandy rufous ; the white feathers on the 

 sides of the upper breast with a tip of dusky brown to each ; rufous 

 feathers of the breast and flanks edged with sandy buff', the abdo- 

 men and the under tail-coverts being of the latter colour. 



Ohs. The summer plumage is gained by the weiiring away of the 

 light edgings to the feathers, and not by a distinct moult. 



Adult female. General colour above sandy brown, with dark brown 

 centres to the feathers, producing a mottled appearance : the upper 



