448 MUSCICAPIDJ. 



Cyornis Ijanvumas (nee Horsf.), Bli/fh, J. A. S. JB. xvi. p. 941 ; id. 



Cat. B. Mus. A. S. B. p. 178 ; Jei-d. B. Inch i. p. 4()G. 

 Cyornis ticlrelliEe, Blyth, J. A. S. B. xii. p. 94] ; Jerd. B. Ind. i. 



p. 467; Gray, Cat. Hodr/s. Drawings, p. 48(1863); Lloi/d, Ihis, 



1872, p. 197; Hume, Str'. F. 1873, p. 436; id. Nests and Etj(is Ind. 



B. p. 212 ; Ball, S. F. 1874, p. 405 ; Butler, S. F. 1875, p. 4(58 ; 



Bh)th Sf Wald. B. Barm. p. 103 ; Fairhank, Str. F. 1876, p. 257 ; 



id! 8. F. 1877, p. 402; ILime, S. F. 1878, p. 220. 

 Niltava tickelliaj, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 264 ; id. Iland-l. B. i. p. 325, 



no. 4882. 

 Cyornis elegans, Bh/th, Cat. B. Mas. A. S. B. p. 173 (nee Temtn.). 

 Cyornia jerdoni, Blyth, Ibis, 1866, p. 371 ; Iloldsw. F. Z. S. 1872, 



p. 442. 

 Niltava jerdoni, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 325. 



Adult male. General colour above light blue, the least wing- 

 coverts rather brighter and more cobalt ; forehead brighter cobalt, 

 extending slightly backwards over the eye ; a narrow frontal line 

 and space in front of the eye blue-black ; cheeks, ear-coverts, and a 

 narrow line across the chin at the base of the bill dark blue, the 

 ear-coverts strongly washed with ligliter blue ; quills and tail- 

 feathers dusky brown, externally blue like the back, the two centre 

 tail-feathers and the inner secondaries nearly entirely blue ; entire 

 throat and breast orange-rufous, the lower abdomen and under tail- 

 coverts Avhite ; thighs blue, as also the sides of the breast ; under 

 wing-coverts and axillaries orange-rufous, the edge of the wing 

 blue. Total length 5-3 inches, culmen 0"5, wing 2"9, tail 2-3, 

 tarsus 0"7. 



Adult female (C. tlclrllice). Similar to the male, but paler in 

 colour and distinguished by an absence of black on the chin and 

 face, the frontal line and lores being dull white, the ear-coverts 

 greyish blue with whitish shaft-lines. "Wing 2'6 inches, tail 2'15, 

 tarsus 0-65. 



Ohs. Madras, and therefore typical, specimens have been described ; 

 but there is considerable difference exhibited by a series of speci- 

 mens, principally in the colouring of the underparts. Madras birds 

 are washed with orange-rufous over nearly the whole under surface, 

 and this occurs in both sexes. Ceylonese specimens, on the other 

 hand, are decidedly white on the abdomen, and so are the birds 

 from Kattiawar, the latter, however, being a lighter blue and gene- 

 rally paler form. Burmese specimens are very dark, like the Cey- 

 lonese, and have a wash of orange over the whole abdomen, in this 

 resembling the Madras skins. I keep the whole of these forms under 

 the heading of S. tickelll(V ; but it is impossible to overlook the fact 

 that the Ceylonese and Burmese specimens, as well as those from 

 N.W. India, differ a good deal from the typical form, and some of the 

 Ce3don examples are scarcely to be distinguished from true S. 

 hanyumas. It is also a qiiestion whether C. tickellice, 0. banyumas, 

 C. sximatrensis, and C. jj/iilipjn^iensis should not all be considered as 

 races of one wide-spread form. 



Ilab. India and Ceylon, ranging eastwards into the Burmese 

 countries. 



