6 VTJLTURID^. 



Vultur albicollis, Lindermayer, Isis, 1843, p. 320 {ex Brehm). 

 Gypa fulvus, Gray, Gen. of B. i. p. G (1844) ; Cuss. Cat. Vult. Phil. 

 'Mus. p. 2 (1849) ; Bp. I'onsp. i. p. 10 (1850) ; Fritsch, Vog. Eur. 



p. 2, Taf. 1. fig. 3 (1858); Peh. Verh. z.-b. JFien, 18(32, p. 129; 



Be Filippi, Viagg. Pers. p. 345 { 1805) ; Gray, Hand-l. of B. i. 



p. 2 (18G9); Salvad. Faun, d'ltal. Ucc. p. 2 (1871); Neikon, ed. 



Yan-eWs Brit. B. p. 1 (1871) ; Shelhn/, B. of Eqypt, p. 210 (1872) ; 



Harting, Handb. Brit. B. p. 83 (1872). 

 Vultur fulvus occidentalis, Schl. liev. Grit. p. xii (1844) ; id. 3Iiis. P.- 



B. Vult. p. 6 (18(>2). 

 Gyps occidentalis, Bp. Consp. i. p. 10 (1850) ; Salvad. Ucc. Sardegn. 



■p. 14 (1864); Degl. i>,- Gerbe, Orn. Eur. p. 11 (18(37); Fritsch, 

 Vtig. Eur. p. 3 (1870). 

 Gyps albieoUis, Brehm, Kaum. i. Ileft iii. p. 23 (1851). 

 Vultur iegyptius, Licht. Nomencl. Ao. p. 1 (1854). 

 Vultur kolbii, Erhard, Kaum. 1858, p. 16. 

 Vultur fulvus orientalis, Schl. 3Ius. P.-B. Vult. p. 6 (1862). 



Adult. Euff white ; upper parts ashy fulvous, the interscapulars 

 with obsolete whitish shaft-stripes, some of them darker brown, 

 giving a mottled appearance, others shaded with grey ; wing-coverts 

 a little paler than the back, shaded with ashy, greater series dark 

 brown at base, edged and broadly tipped with creamy white ; lower 

 back and rump dark brown, the feathers centred with fulvous ; upper 

 tail-coverts pale ochraceous buff; quills and tail black, with a slight 

 brownish shade, the outer secondaries broadly edged with ashy, the 

 inner ones tipped with ochraceous buff ; crop-patch brown ; under 

 surface of body pale creamy brown, with very narrow whitish shaft- 

 stripes ; cere bluish black ; biU yellowish white horn-colour ; feet 

 lead-colour ; iiis reddish orauge. Total length about 40 inches, 

 culmen 3-7, wing about 29, tail 12, tarsus (in skeleton) 4-4, 

 middle toe 4-9. 



Hah. Eastern Europe, from below 59° N. lat. in the Ural as far 

 westward as Sardinia, sometimes ranging into the central portions ; 

 accidental in the British Islands ; (?) N.E. Africa. 



a. Ad. sk. South Hungary. Baron A. von Hiigel [P.]. 



b. Ad. St. Dalmatia. Purchased. 



r. Ad. St. Athens. _ C. W. L. Merfin, Esq. [P.]. 



d. Ad. St. [South Africa?] Pm-chased. 



e. Skeleton. Zoological Society. 



Subsp. a. Gyps Mspaniolensis, nob. 



A'ultur fulvus, Naum. Fog. Deutschl. i. p. 102, Taf. 2 (1822) ; Wer7ier, 

 Atlas, liapaces, pi. 2 (1827); Schl. u. Susem. Vog. Eur. p. 12, pi. 2 

 (1839) ; Dubois, Ois. d'Eur. pis. 2, 3 (1862). 



Vultur chassefiente, Biipp. N. W. Vog. p. 47 (1835). 



Vultur kolbii, Carst. Naum. ii. Heft i. p. 76 (1852). 



? Vultur fidvus occidentalis, Heugl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. i. p. 1 (1869). 



Adult. Above ashy fawn-colour, with a slight greyish shade near 

 the base of the feathers, the median wing-coverts paler and more 

 fulvescent towards the tips, greater series dark brown, shading into 

 ashy and thence into fulvous at the tips ; rump and upper tail- 



