2. QTPg. 9 



Adult. Down on head and neck more scanty than in 6. fulvus ; 

 upper parts pale fulvous, some of the interscapulars dark brown, 

 giving a mottled appearance, others shaded with grey ; wing-coverts 

 pale fulvous, shaded with ashy, greater series dark brown at base, 

 edged and broadly tipped with creamy buff ; lower back and rump 

 dark brown on the margins of the feathers, the centre fulvous ; upper 

 tail-coverts clear fulvous ; quills and tail black, with a slight brown- 

 ish shade, inner secondaries broadly edged and tipped with ashy buff ; 

 crop-patch pale brown ; rest of under surface of body pale creamy 

 white, without any shaft-stripes ; cere livid ; bill horn-colour, j^aler 

 on the culmen ; legs and feet livid blue, with shades of dirty green ; 

 claws black ; iris light bi'own or reddish hazel. Total length about 

 36 inches, culmen 3'5, wing 2-7, tail 10, tarsus about 4-2, middle 

 toe 4-S. 



Young. Head and neck with even less down on it than the adult : 

 upper surface a little more tawny, and more mottled with dark brown ; 

 under surface pale creamy white, with pale brownish margins to the 

 breast -feathers, scarcely, however, producing a striped appearance. 



Hah. South Africa, to the Zambesi on the east, and to Damara 

 Land on the west coast, but more sparingly in the latter country. 



a. Ad. st. Orange River, S. Africa. M. Verreaux [C.]. 



b. Juv. st. Cape of Good Hope. South-African Museum. 



4. Gjrps nieppelli. 



Vultiur kolbii, Cretzschm. Atlas EiipiJ. Vofj. p. 47, t. 32 (1826, nee 



DaucL). 

 Gyps fulvus, Riipp. Si/st. Uebers. p. 9 (1845). 



Gvps vulgaris, Bp. Consp. i. p. 10 (1860) ; Hwsf. ^- Moore, Cat. B. 



'Mm. E. I. C. p. 4 (1854) ; Layard, B. S. Afr. p. 7 (1867, 7iec Sav.). 



Vuliur riippellii, Brehm, Naum. 1852, Heft' 3, p. 44 (descr. oriq.); 



Ilvmil. Orn. X.O.-Afr. i. p. 5 (18C9j ; Finsch u. Hartl. Vog. Ost- 



afr. p. 33, note (1870). 

 Gyps niagnificus, MM. Beitr. Orn. Afr. t. 5 (1854) ; id. J.f. 0. 1854, 



p. 386. 

 Gyps riippellii, Bonap. Rev. et Maq. de Zool. 1854, p. 530 ; Pelz. Verh. 



z.-b. Wien, 1862, p. 1-30; Brehm, Reis. Hubesch, p. 240 (180.3); 



Antin. Cat. Ucc. p. 3 (1865) ; Gray, Hand-l. of B. i. p. 2 (1869) ; 



Blanf. Geol. S)- Zool. Abyss, p. 285 (1870) ; Gurney in Anderss. B. 



Dam. L. p. 5 (1871). 

 Vultur fulvus riippelli, Schl. Mus. P.-B. Vult. p. 7 (1862). 



Nearhj adult. Down on head golden yellow : ruff yellowish white ; 

 interscapular and scapular feathers dark brown, with a conspicuous 

 crescentic edgiug of fulvous w^hite ; wing-coverts creamy white, the 

 brown bases showing plainly on the median and greater series, the 

 latter conspicuously tipped with creamy white, as also are the inner 

 secondaries ; quiUs black, primaries washed with chocolate-brown ; 

 lower back and rump dark brown, narrowly edged with creamy 

 white, the upper tail-coverts more broadly; tail black, slightly 

 shaded with chocolate-brown ; crop-patch deep chocolate-brown ; 

 under surface dull creamy buff, some of the flank-feathers showing 

 the brown bases ; under wLng-coverts dark bro\\Ti, with cream- 



