in. CIRCUS. 65 



Sfrickl. Oni. Syn. p. 152 (1855) ; Giirney inAnderss. B. Dam. Ld. 



p. 33(1872). 

 Circus ater, Vieill. N. Diet. iv. p. 459 (1816) ; Pucker. Rev. et Mag. 



de Zool. 1850, p. 82. 

 Circus montagui, Vieill. N. Diet. xxxi. p. 411 (1819) ; id. et Oud. Gal. 



Ois. i. pi. 13 (1825) ; Less. Traite, p. 84 (1831 ). 

 Faleo cineraceus, Temm. Man. i. p. 7G (1820) ; Narmi. Vog. Detdschl. 



i. p. 402, pi. 40 (1822) ; Werner, Atlas, Eapaces, pi. 29 (1827) ; 



Schl. iS- Susetn. Viig. Eur. Taf. 38, 38a (1839). 

 Circus ciueraseens, Steph. Gen. Zool. xiii. p. 41 (1825) ; Gray, Gen. 



B. i. p. 32 (1845) ; Schl. Vog. Nederl. pis. 18, 19 (1854) ; i'd. Mits. 



P.-B. Circi, p. 3 (1862) ; Lnyard, B. S. Afr. p. 34 (1867) ; Ileiir/l. 



Orn. N.O.-Afr. i, p. 105 (1869) ; Schl. Miis. P.-B. Revue Accinfr. 



p. 49 (1873). 

 Buteo cineraceus, Flem. Brit. An. p. 55 (1828). 

 Circus cineraceus, Cuv. Rcqne An. i. p. 338 (1829) ; Goidd, B. Eur. 



i. pi. 35 (1837) ; Mncyill. Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 378 (1840) : Hewits. 



Eqqs Brit. B. i. p. 49, pi. xvi. fij?. 2 (1856) ; Jerd. B. Ind. i. p. 97 



(1862) ; Newt. Ooth. WolJey. p. 148 (1864) ; Montess. Rev. et Mag. 



1865, p. 369, pis. 25, 26 ; Smtdev. Sv. Fogl. p. 225, pi. Ixxii. figs. 2, 3 



(1866) ; Gould, B. Gt. Br. pt. xii. (1867) ; Degl. et Gerbe, Orn. 



Europ. i. p. 109 (1867) ; Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 37 (1869) ; Hume, 



Rough Notes, ii. p. 303 (1870) ; Blanf. Geol. Sf Zool. Abyss, p. 301 



(1870) ; Neiut. ed. Yarr. Brit. B. i. p. 138 (1871) ; Safcad. Faun. 



Ital. Ucc. p. 26 (1871); Sioinh. P. Z. S. 1871, p. 342; Holdsw. 



P. Z. S. 1872, p. 413; SJielleT/, B. Egypt, p. 184 (1872). 

 Circus pratorum, Brehm, Vog. Deutschl. p. 95 (1831). 

 Falco cinerascens, Barb. Rev. Zool. 1838, p. 121. 

 Strigiceps cineraceus, Bp. Comp. List B. Eur. •^ N. Am. p. 5 (1838) ; 



id. Consp. i. p. 35 (1850) ; Locke, Expl. Sci. Alger. Ois. i. p. 85 



(1867). 

 Circus nipalensis, Hodgs. in Gray^s Zool. Misc. p. 81 (1844). 

 Glaucopteryx cinerascens, Kaup, Contr. Orn. 1850, p. 58. 

 Strigiceps pratorum, Brehm, Naum. 1855, p. 269. 

 Strigiceps elegans, id. torn. cit. p. 269. 

 Strigiceps cinerascens, Fritsck, Vog. Eur. tab. 9. fig. 7, tab. 10. fig. 3 



(1858). 



Yoking. Above brown, all the feathers narrowly margined with 

 pale tawny excepting the upper tail-coverts, which are very broadly 

 and conspicuously margined ; head and neck rich tawny, with brown 

 centres to the feathers, producing a mottled appearance ; lores, a 

 distinct eyebrow, and the fore part of the ear-coverts pure white, 

 the cheeks and hinder part of ear-coverts dark brown, the latter 

 washed with rufous ; quills entirely blackish brown, with narrow 

 white tips, the primaries externally shaded with ashy and barred 

 across with blackish — these bars more distinct underneath, where the 

 lining of the quills is ashy white, inclining to rufous near base of 

 inner web ; upper tail-coverts white, with narrow shaft-lines of dark 

 brown, the higher ones washed with tawny ; tail deep tawny, incli- 

 ning to buff at tip, and crossed with four or five blackish bands, the 

 central feathers uniform ashy brown with five distinct cross bands 

 of black ; throat whitish ; facial ruft' and entire under surface of 

 body clear tawny, with a few central streaks of reddish brown on the 

 upper breast, flanks, and upper wing-coverts. 



VOL. I. G 



