22. ASTUR. 95 



d. With a distinct red band round the hind neck. 



e". Ear-coverts rufous like hind neck pectoralis,^. 121. 



f". Ear-coverts gvej. 



(/'". Underneath pale vinous, with scarcely 

 any indication of cross bands. 

 h*. Under wing-coverts uniform white . . n/Jitorques, -p. 121. 

 i*. Under wing-coverts vinous, with 



scarcely any remains of cross bars, grifeigularis, p. 122. 



<?'. Larger: wing not exceeding 10-5 



inches . . a. griseigidaris, p. 122. 



A\ Smaller : wing not exceeding 9-75 



inches. ./3. henicogrammus,^. 124. 



h'". Underneath white, with pale vinous 



cross bars torquatus, p. 125. 



e'. Sides of neck rufous, forming an indistinct 

 and interrupted nape-band. 

 g". Thighs barred with white and rufous. 



i'". Underneath brown,with white cross bars approxhnam, p. 126. 

 k'". Underneath white, with pale rufous 



cross bars cruentus, p. 127. 



h". Thighs uniform vinous salmon- colom- .. ?ra//aew, p. 128, 



1. Astur palumbarius. 



The Goshawk, Alhin, N. H. Birds, ii. p. 8, pi. 8 (1734) ; Sahin Sf 



Brodr. Falconry, p. 103, pis. xviii. xix. (1855). 

 L'Autour, Briss. Orn. i. p. 317 (1760); Buff. PL Enl. i. pi. 418 



(1770) ; *W(/. <5- Verst. Traite Feme. pis. x. & xi. (1844). 

 Le Gros Busard, Briss. Orn. i. p. 398 (1760). 

 Le Busard varie, Briss. Orn. i. p. 400 ( 1760). 

 Ealco palumbarius, Linn. H. K. i. p. 130 (1760) ; Daml. Traite, pis. 



1, 2 (1800); Temm. Man. d'Orn. i. p. 55 (1820); Naian. Fog. 



Beutschl. i. p. 249, pis. 17, 18 (1822); Werner, Atlas, Rapaces, 



pi. 21 (1827) ; ScJil. u. Susetn. Vdg. Fur. Taf. 28 (1839-45) ; Yarr. 



Brit. B. i. p. 57 (1843). 

 L'Autour sors, Btff. PI. Enl. i. pi. 461 (1770). 

 Falco margmatus, Lath. Ind. Orn. i. p. 26 (1790). 

 Falco albescens, Bodd. Tabl. PI. Enl. p. 25 (1783). 

 Falco dubius, Sparrm. Mus. Carls. pi. 26(1787) ; Sundev. Crit. p. 6 (1858) 

 Falco gaUinarius, Gni. S. N. i. p. 266 (1788). 

 Falco naevius, <??«. S. N. i. p. 266 (1788). 

 Falco incertus. Lath. Lnd. Orn. i. p. 32 (1790). 

 Dsedalion palumbarius, Savigny, Hist. Nat. Ois. d'Emwte, n 267 



(1808) ; Less. Traite, p. 65 (1831). ^' 



Accipiter astur. Pall. Zoogr. Posso-As. i. p. 367 (1811). 

 Sparvius palumbarius, Vieill. iV. Diet. (THist. Nat. x. p. 331 (1817) • 



Rou.r, Orn. Prov. i. p. 05, pi. 15 (1825). 

 Astur palumbarius, Cuv. Regne Anim. i. p. 320 (1817) ; Gould, B 



Eur. i. pi. 17 (1837) ; Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 27, pi. 10. tig. 1 (1849); 



Kaup, Contr. Orn. 1850, p. 66 ; KJcerb. Orn. Dan. Aft. iv. fio- 5 



(1851) ; Horsf. 8r Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E. L Co. i. p". 41 (1854) ; 



Schl. Yog. Nederl. pis. 11, 12 (1854-58) ; Bp. Rev. et Maq. de Zool. 



1854, p. 538; StricU. Orn. Syn. p. 116 (1855) ; Hexcits'. Eqgs Br. 



B. i. p. 34, pi. xi. (1856) ; Fritsch, Yog. Fur. tab. i. (1858); Schl. 



Dierk. Nederl. Yog. pi. 1. figs. 9, 10, 10« (1861) ; id. Mus. P.-B 



Astures, p. 16 (1862) ; Jerd. B. Ind. i. p. 45 (1862) ; Newt. Ooth 



Wolhy. p. 73 (1864) ; Loche, Ea.pl. Alger, p. 70 (1867) ; Degl. S,- 



