24, ACCIPITER. 133 



Nisus fringillarum, Brehni, torn. cit. p. 87 (1831). 



Nisus peregriuus, Brehm, torn. cit. p. 88 (1831). 



Falco nisosimilis, Tickell, J. A. S. B. ii. p. 571 (1833). 



Astur nisus, Keys. 8; Bias. Wirb. Eur. p. 140 (1840) ; Bailly, Orn. 



Sav. i. p. 75 (1853) ; Dubois, Ois. Bely. pis. l5, 16 ( 1854) ; Schl. 



Voy. Nederl. pis. 13, 14 (1854) ; Sundev. Sv. Foyl. p. 220, pi. xxviii. 



fig. 1 (1860). 

 Accipiter nisosimilis, Blyth, J. A. S. B. xii. p. 311 (1843) ; Strickl. 



Orn. Syn. p. 105 (1855). 

 Accipiter subtvpicus, Hodqs. in Gray^s Zool. Misc. p. 81 (1844). 

 Astm- major, Deyl Orn. Eur. i. p. 86 (1849). 

 Nisus fringillarius, Kaup, Contr. Orn. 1850, p. 64 ; ScJd. Mus. P.-B. 



Astures, p. 28 (1862); Heuyl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. p. 65 (1869); 



Schl. Remte Accipitr. p. 68 (18/'3). 

 Nisus major, Jaub., Mots. Eur. Orn. p. 29 (1851). 

 Nisus intercedens, Brehm, Naiim. 1855, p. 269. 



Nestling. Clothed -with white down ; the feathers of the back deep 

 sepia-brown, with rufous margins ; breast fulvous fawn, the chest 

 longitudinally streaked with brown, inclining to arrow-head mark- 

 ings on the abdomen and to bars on the flanks. 



Young. Above sepia-brown, all the feathers plainly margined with 

 rufous, more especially on the crown ; occiput and nape mottled with 

 white ; a distinct eyebrow, cheeks, and ear-coverts white, streaked 

 with blackish, the hinder margin of the latter brown, washed with 

 rufous ; quills brown, inclining to ashy brown externally, the secon- 

 daries narrowly margined and tipped with I'ufous; all the quills 

 barred across with darker brown, more distinct on the lower surface, 

 which is whitish ; tail ashy brown, slightly tipped with whitish, and 

 crossed with five bars of dark brown ; under surface of body white, 

 the throat narrowly streaked with black, the breast barred with 

 rufous brown, or marked with spade-shaped spots of brown tinged 

 with rufous, the flanks and thighs distinctly barred with dark 

 brown ; under tail-coverts white ; under wing-coverts buflFy white, 

 numerously spotted or half-barred with dark brown ; cere yellow ; 

 bill horn-coloui", the lower mandible yellowish at base ; feet yellow ; 

 iiis yellow. 



Adult male. Above bluish slate-colour, the black shafts distinct on 

 some of the rump-feathers ; wings bluish slaty, the primaries browner 

 and barred with darker brown, more distinct below, where the inner 

 webs of the quills are ashj' white somewhat tinged with rufous ; tail 

 also bluish slaty, but a little browner than the back, slightly tipped 

 with whitish and crossed ^vith four bars of darker brown ; nape 

 slightly mottled with white ; forehead and eyebrow slightly washed 

 with rufous ; lores whitish ; cheeks and ear-coverts bright rufous, 

 the upper margin of the latter slaty like the sides of the neck ; throat 

 whitish, washed with rufous ; rest of under surface white, the breast 

 narrowly barred across with bright rufous, some of the bars tinged 

 with brown, becoming narrower towards the abdomen and thighs, 

 which are nearly entii'ely white ; flanks bright rufous ; under tail- 

 coverts white ; under wing-covei'ts and axillaries white, the former 

 spotted, the latter barred with brown ; cere yellow ; bill dark 



