39. AQUILA. 



243 



Adult female. General colour above deep brown, some of the 

 feathers with paler brown centres, the wing-coverts tipped with 

 paler brown, forming a conspicuous spot on, some of the feathers ; 

 primaries blackish, their coverts as well as the secondaries chocolate- 

 brown, tipped with fulvous, some of the outer secondaries shading 

 subterminally into ashy grey, under surface of wing ashy brown, 

 shading into darker brown towards tips of primaries, the inner webs 

 slightly mottled with grej'ish ; lower back paler and more fulvous 

 brown, the rump darker, the upper tail-coverts whity brown ; tail 

 almost uniform brown, with fulvous tips, some of the feathers with 

 very slight mottliugs of grey ; hind neck and sides of face streaked 

 with pale fulvous ; entire under surface of body dark brown, the 

 breast terminally streaked with fulvous, more broadly on the 

 abdomen, the thighs fulvous brown, with darker brown margins, as 

 also the under tail-coverts, some of which are faintly margined with 

 brown ; under wing-coverts fulvous brown, darker on the edges, the 

 lower series ashy brown, like the inner lining of wing ; iris brown. 

 Total length 31 inches, wing 22-2, tail 12, tarsus 3-7. 



Hab. Africa generally, being found in Algeria and N.W. Africa, 

 extending rarely into Southern Spain. N.W. India. 



Senegal. 



Abyssinia. 



Shoa. 



Aukober, Dec. 1841. 



Angollala, Shoa. 



Bogos Land. 



Amba, Samhar. 



Senaf^, March 9, 1868. 



Snewberg, S. Africa. 



South Africa. 



Baron Laugier de Chartrouse. 



Frankfort Museum. 



Sir W. C. Harris 



Sir W. C. Han-is 



Sir W. C. Harris 



HerrEsler [C.]. 



W. T. Blanford, Esq 



W. T. Blanford, Esq, 



Purchased. 



South-African Museum. 



Zoological Society. 



A\". T. Blanford, i>q. [P.]. 



7. Aquila vindhiana *, 



Aquila vindhiana, Fraidlm, P. Z. S. 1831, p. 114: Stiipfcl. Oru. Sy». 



p. 59 (18o5). 

 Aquila punctata, Gray, in Gray ^- Hnrdu-. III. Lid. Zool. i. pi. IG 



(1832). 

 Aquila fusca, id. op. cit. ii. pi. 26 (1833). 



* It is doubtful whether A. vindhiana should be considered more than a 

 small race of A. rapa,r, the adult plumages being very similar, but the young 

 apparently different. This, however, depends on the question whether we 

 really know the young bird of A, lindhiana in Europe. Mr. W. E. Brooks has 

 written voluminous papers on the Eagle question, and has made some interest- 

 ing identifications, one of the last of them being the existence of three species of 

 the A. -rapa-T group, which he distinguishes as A. fidvescens, Gray, A. vindhiana, 

 Frankl., and A. n<Bvioides, Cuv. The characters of these three exist in their 

 rounded or vertical nostril and their plain or barred tail. On the strength of 

 these points I cannot at present follow Mr. Brooks in distinguishing A. fill- 

 vescens from A. vindhiana. as I have seen specimens of the latter with an un- 

 barred tail and yet possessing a vertical nostril, while I have also seen A. rapax 

 from Africa with the same characters. \_Cf. Brooks Ibis, 1874, p. 84.] 



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