246 FALCONID^. 



with brown, and a few remains of brown bars on the flanks and 

 under tail-coverts, a little more distinct on the latter ; under wing- 

 coverts white, with a few brown bars, principally on the outer edge 

 of the wing ; quiUs black, the secondaries browner, with whitish 

 apical margins, the under surface ashy brown, paler towards the 

 base and inclining to white near base of outer primaries ; tail 

 blackish, iuchuing to light brown at tip and obsoletely barred with 

 brown on the inner webs of the feathers. Total length 23-5 inches, 

 wing 16, tail 9-5, tarsus 3. 



Hah. The whole of Africa ; said to have occurred once in Italy. 



a. tS ad. St. Bissao. M. Verreaux. 



b. (S juv. St. Bissao. M. Verreaux. 



9. Aquila maculata*. 



L'Aigle tachetd, Briss. Orn. i. p. 42o (1760). 



Eough-footed Eagle, Lath. Gen. Syii. i. p. 37 (1781). 



Spotted Eagle, Lath. Gen. Syn. i. p. 38 (1781). 



? Falco nsevius, Gm. S. N. i. p. 258 (1788) ; Naum. Viig. Deutschl. i. 



p. 217, pi. 10, 11. figs. 1, 2 (1822); Wernei; Atlas, Eapaces, pi. 16 



(1827) ; Schl. u. Susem. Vog. Eur. Taf. 20, 21 (1839). 

 Falco maculatus, Gm. S. N. i. p. 258 (1788). 

 Aquila melanaetus, Savign. Syst. Ois. (TEgypte, p. 253, pi. 1, 2. fig. 1 



(1809). 

 Aquila nsevia, Meyer, in Meyer u. Wolf, Taschenb. deutsch. Vogelk. i. 



p. 19 (1810) ; GovM, B. Eur. i. pi. 8 (1837) ; Gray, Gen. B. i. 



p. 13 (1845) ; B2h Consp. i. p. 14 (1850) ; Strickl. Orn. Syn. p. 58 



(1855) ; Fritsch, Voq. Eur. tab. 6. fig. 3, tab. 8. fig. 4 (1858) ; 



Jaub. et BaHh. Lap. Mich. Orn. p. 37 (1859) ; Schl. Mm. P.-B. 



Aquilffi, p. 6 (1862); Pels. Virh. z.-b. Wien, 1862, p. 157; Nexvt. 



Ooth. Wolley. p. 44 (1864) ; Wolf, Zool. Sk. pi. xxxi. (1865) ; Loche, 



Expl. Sci. Alger. Ois. i. p. 28 (1867) ; Begl. et Ge)-be, Orn. Eur. i. 



p. 26 (1867) ; Gray, Hancl-l. B. i. p. 11 (1869) ; Heiigl. Orn. N.O.- 



Afr. i. p. 47 (1869) ; Gould, B. Gt. Br. pt. xvii. (1870) ; Newt. ed. 



Yarr. Brit. B. i. p. 20 (1871); Salvad. Faun. Ital. Ucc. p. 6 (1871); 



Shelley, B. Egypt, p. 206 (1872). 

 AqnUa planga, Bonn, et Vieill. Enc. Meth. iii. p. 1190 (1823). 

 Aquila bifasciata, Brehm, Viig. Deutschl. p. 25 (1831, ex Hornsch., nee 



Graxj). 

 Aquila pomarina, Brehm, Vog. Deidschl. p. 27 (1831). 

 Aquila nsevia, var. pallida, Licht. J. f. O. 1853, p. 69, pi. iv. 

 Aquila fusca, Brehn, Naum. 1855, p. 268. 

 Aquila subnsevia, Brehm, ut supra. 

 Aquila fidviventris, Brehm, ut supra. 

 Aquila maculata, Dresser, Ann. N. U. 1874, xiii. p. 373. 



Adult male. Above pale brown, some of the feathers on the back 

 and scapulars darker brown, the latter particularly so ; wing-coverts 

 with plain whity brown margins, very distinct on the least series, 

 obsolete on the greater ones, which are darker brown : quills black- 

 ish, externally shaded with ashy on the primaries, the secondaries 

 browner, with pale fulvescent apical margins ; lower back and rump 



* There is so much difference of opinion as to which is the true F. neemus of 

 Gmelin, that it is best to adopt the title of A. maculata for the species. 



