248 FALCONID^. 



Poland, going southward in winter to Egypt and Africa. Of rarer 



occurrence in the southern and western countries of Europe. 



a. Juv. St. Xanthus. Sir C. Fellows [P.]. 



Subsp. a. Aquila hastata. 



Morphnus hastatus, Less. Voy. Belanq. p. 217 (1834), 

 Limnaetus unicolor, Blyth, J. .4. S. B. xii. p. 128 (1843). 

 Limnaetus hastatus, Blyth, Ann. N. H. xiii. p. 114 (1844). 

 Spizaetus punctatus, Jerd. Madr. Journ. xiii. p. 164 (1844). 

 Spizaetus hastatus, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 14 (1845) ; Strickl. Orn. Syn. 



p. 72 (1855). 

 Aquila hastata, Blyth, J. A. S. B. xv. p. 7 (184G) ; Jerd. B. Ind. i. 



p. 62 (1862) ; Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 11 (1809); Hume, Rough Notes, 



1. p. 180; Anders. P. Z. S. 1871, p. 622. 

 Aquila neevia, Brouks, Str. F. i. p. 293 (1873). 



Of this species, to unite which with A. ncevia I cannot quite agree 

 with Mr. Brooks, I subjoin the measurements of a pair sexed by 

 that gentleman and sent to Mr. H. E. Dresser: — 



Adult cJ . Total length 23 inches, culmen 2-3, wing 19*15, tail 

 9-5, tarsus 3"9. 



Adult 2 • Total length 24-5, wing 19-5, tail 10, tarsus 3-9. 



Although, as Mr. Brooks says, some examples are difficult, if not 

 impossible, to tell from A. navia of Europe, I must coincide with 

 Messrs. Gurney and Dresser that the young are not quite the same ; 

 and I have never seen any adult European birds with the small white 

 spots on the least wing-coverts, which frequently occiir in A. hastata. 

 This character appears to me to be probably a sign of the adult 

 plumage, and may perhaps present a character of importance in 

 distinguishing A. hastata from A. ncevia. 



Hah. Indian peninsula. 



a. Ad. St. Behar. B. H. Hodgson, Esq, 



h. Juv. sk. Nepaul. B. H. Hodgson, Esq 



c, d, e. J ad. sk. Nepaul. B. H. Hodgson, Esq. [P, 



f. 2 juv. sk. Darjiling. R. B. Sharpe, Esq. 



g. (S ad. sk. P 



h. Sternum. B. H. Hodgson, Esq. [P.]. 



Subsp. b. Aquila clanga. 



Aquila clanga. Pall. Zoogr. Basso- Asiat. i. p. 351 (1811) ; ScM. Vog. 

 Nederl. pi. 26 (1854) ; Brehm, Namn. 1855, p. 267; Degl. et Gerbe, 

 Orn. Em: p. 28 (1867) ; Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 28 (1869). 



Aquila vittata, Hodgs. in Gray's Zool. Misc. Tp. 81 (1844). 



Aquila fusco-ater, Wodzicki, Namn. 1851, p. 10. 



Aquila unicolor, Brehm, Naum. 1855, p. 267. 



Aquila naevia, Schrenck., Beis. Amurl. Vog. p. 220 (1859); Linderm. 

 Vog. Griech. p. 26 (1860) : Jei-d. B. Ind. i. p. 59 (1862) ; Radde, 

 Beis. Sibir. Vog. p. 85 (1863) ; Hume, Bough Notes, i. p. 162 (18G9) ; 

 Anders. P. Z. S. 1871, p. 686; Hume, Sir. F. i. p. 158 (1873). 



Falco clanga, Naum. Vog. Deutschl. xiii. Taf. 342, 346 (1860). 



Adult female. Similar to A. ncevia, but a very much larger and 

 more powerful bird, and apparently never becoming so light brown 



