53. HALIAETCS. 303 



Aquila leucocephala, Meyer in Wolf u. Meij. Taschenh. deutsch. Voyelk, 



p. U;, pi. 4 (1810). 

 Aquila albicilla, Pall. Zooqr, Sosso-As. i. p. 345 (1811) ; Mzdd. Sibir. 



lieis. Zool. p. 12-5 (185i). 

 Haliaetus albicilla, Leach, Si/st. Cat. Mamm. 8,-c. Brit. Miis. p. 9 



(1816) ; CtuK Regne An. i. p. 315 (1817) ; Goidd, B. Eur. pi. 10 



(1837); Macqill. Brit. B. iii. p. 221 (1840); Gray, Gen. B. i. 



p. 17, pi. 7. tig. 8 (1845); Bp. Consp. i. p. 15 (1850) ; ScM. Vog. 



Nederl. pis. 28, 29 (1854) ; Cass. B. Calif, p. Ill (1855); Strickl. 



Orn. Syn. p. 48 (1855) ; Fritsch, Vog. Eur. tab. 7. fiprs. 4, 5 (1858) ; 



Cass, in Baird's B. K. Am. p. 43 ( 1860) ; Sclire7ik, Bcis. Amurl. 



p. 223 (1800) ; f^undev. Sv. Foc/l. pi. xxx. fig-s. 2, 3 (c. 1860) ; Schl. 



Mtts. P.-B. Aquilffi, p. 11 (1862) ; Gould, B. Gt. Br. pt. 3 (1863) ; 

 * Pelz. Verh. z.-b. Wien, 1863, p. 587 ; Radde, Reis. Sibir. Vog. p. 95 



(1863) ; Scl. P. Z. S. 1863, p. 252 ; Xeict. Ooth. IVollei/. p. 346 



(1864) ; Scl. P. Z. S. 1865, p. 731 ; Deyl. et Gerbe, Orn. Eur. i. 



p. 39 (1867) ; Heuql. Vog. N.O.-Afr. p. 51 (1869) ; Gray, Hand-l. 



B. i. p. 16 (1869); Salcad. Faun. Ital. Ucc. p. 9 (1871); Smnh. 



P. Z. S. 1871, p. 339 ; Newt. ed. Yarr. Brit. B. i. p. 25 (1871) ; 



Shelley, B. Egypt, p. 204 (1872) ; Hume, Str. F. i. p. 159 (1873) ; 



Schl. Revue Accipitr. p. 117 (1873). 

 Fak o albicilla borealis, Faber, Isis, 1827, p. 56. 

 Plaliaetus groenlandicus, Brehm, Nautn, 1855, p. 267. 

 Haliaetus borealis, Brehm, I. c. 

 Haliaetus islandicus, Brehm, I. c. 

 Haliaetus orientalis, Brelim, I. c. 

 Haliaetus cinereus, Brehm, I. c. 

 Haliaetus funereiis, Brehm, I. c. 



Haliaetus pelagicus, Hume, Rough Notes, ii. p. 252 (1870, lapsu). 

 Haliaetus Tarooksi, Hume, Ibis, 1870, p. 438. 



Nestling. Covered with brownish white dowu, the shooting 

 feathers chocolate-brown in colour, those on the back with paler 

 brown margins. 



Yoimrj. Head and neck all round blackish brown, the long 

 feathers of the latter slightly tipped with fulvous brown, less di- 

 stinct on the crown ; the bases of the plumes of the hind neck 

 fulvous brown, with terminal marks of dark brown ; the whole of 

 the back, scapulars, and median wing-coverts bright fulvous brown, 

 with large brown markings of darker brown towards the tips, 

 causing a very greatly mottled appearance on the upper surface ; 

 least and greater wing-coverts dark brown, the latter slightly mottled 

 with whity brown, the inner secondaries also varied in the same 

 manner, the quills otherwise much as in the adult ; lower back, 

 rump, and upper tail-coverts light brown, the long plumes of the 

 latter mottled with whity brown ; tail whity brown, the middle 

 feathers more decidedly whitish, all irregularly mottled with greyish 

 broAvn, the margins of the feathers being broadly of this colour ; 

 throat dark Ijrown, the bases of the feathers conspicuously white ; 

 sides of the face nearly uniform dark brown, the ear-coverts faintly 

 streaked with ashy brown ; rest of under surface mottled like the 

 back, the bases of the feathers being fulvous brown, marked down 

 the centre and at the tip with dark brown ; the under tail-coverts 

 and thighs rather more uniform, and the under wing-coverts entirely 



