314 FAICONTD^. 



the primaries black below, rufescent only at base of inner web ; 

 under wing-coverts deep maroon, with black shaft-stripes, except 

 the greater series, which are pale rufous shaded with ashy ; cere 

 and bill blackish brown ; feet light greenish yellow ; iris brown. 

 Total length 20 inches, culmen 1-55, wing 14-7, tail 8-1, tarsus 2-1. 



Young. Above deep brown, the interscapulary feathers inclining 

 to dull maroon towards their tips, the rest of the feathers of the 

 upper surface tipped with rufous, and most of them externally 

 shaded with ashy grey ; head and neck pale rufous, with huffy- 

 white centres and tips to the feathers^ giving a streaked appearance, 

 as in a young Milvus ; forehead, lores, and sides of face white, with 

 narrow black shaft-lines to the feathers ; the ear-coverts slightly 

 washed with brown, their hinder margin distinctly brown ; chin 

 whitish ; rest of under surface pale rufous brown, the shaft-stripes 

 distinct, all the feathers with central streaks of buffy white, the 

 chest-feathers darker, and washed with brown on both margins, 

 thighs and under tail-coverts inclining to maroon ; under wing- 

 coverts and axUlaries clear brown, tipped with rufous or maroon, 

 and centred with black shaft-streaks. 



Hah. India and Ceylon, on sea-coasts and in vicinity of lakes, 

 extending westwards into Upper Sindh, and eastwards to Burmah. 



J. Gould, Esq. [P.]. 

 Capt. J. Hayes Lloyd [P.]. 



B. H. Hodgson, Esq. [P.]. 

 Purchased. 



As this species extends eastwards a variation takes place in the 

 coloration of the head, neck, and breast, by reason of the marked 

 attenuation of the black shaft-stripes to the feathers of these parts. 

 The Javan bird has been separated as a species ; but so gradual are 

 the changes in this respect, and so thoroughly coincident with a 

 change of locality, that I cannot allow full specific rank to either of 

 the two subspecies mentioned below. For the sake of convenience, 

 however, I keep their synonymy distinct. The Indian birds have 

 the shaft-stripes strongly pronounced; but the birds from Siam, the 

 Philippines, Malacca, Java, and Borneo have very narrow black 

 shaft-lines, which diminish in intensity in the Timor specimens, are 

 less distinct in Celebean examples (c/. Schl. Mus. P.-B. Aquilce, 

 p. 20), and almost absent in those from Bouru. In all other islands 

 of the Malayan archipelago they are entirely wanting, and the 

 birds have white heads and breasts, as in the true JI. girrenera of 

 Australia. The latter are a little smaller, and have the young 

 generally rather lighter in colour than in the typical H. indus. 



Subsp. a. Haliastur intermedius. 



Haliaetos pondicerianus, Horn/. Tr. Linn. Sue. .\iii. p. 136 (1822) j 



Meyen, Beitr. p. 69 (1834). 

 Falco pondicerianus, Rqffl. Tr. L. S. xiii. p. 278 (1822). 

 Haliastiu: intermedius, Gtirney, Ibis, 1865, p. 28. 



