390 yALC0NIDJ5. 



crossed with pale rufous bars ; entire head light brick-red, the nape 

 mottled with the greyish brown of the back ; a patch on the forehead 

 above each eye, feathers under the latter extending along the upper 

 margin of ear-coverts, and a narrow cheek-stripe black, small shaft- 

 lines of which also slightly streak the crown ; frontal line whitish ; 

 ear-coverts and sides of the neck creamy white, tinged with rufous ; 

 under surface creamy white, with a tinge of fawn on the breast ; 

 throat and fore neck unspotted ; the chest streaked, and the breast 

 and abdomen dotted, with little round spots of brown, taking the 

 form of bars on the flanks and under wing-coverts ; under tail-coverts 

 very pale fawn, with scarcely a mark of brown ; cere and base of 

 bill yellow, inclining to horn-blue at the tip ; feet yellow ; iris 

 brown. Total length 17 inches, culmen 1-15, wing 13-2, tail 7-6, 

 tarsus 1"95, 



Adult female. Similar to the adult male, but a little larger. Total 

 length 18 inches, culmen 1-25, wing 14-5, tail 8-5, tarsus 1-9. 



Young male. Brown, with rufous edgings to the feathers, these 

 being buff on the secondaries ; head very pale rufous, forehead 

 whitish ; fore part of crown black, and the whole of the latter 

 streaked with black, broader on the nape ; sides of face whitish, 

 with narrow lines of black ; feathers over and under the eye, upper 

 margin of ear-coverts, and cheek-stripe blackish ; under surface 

 whitish, inclining to buff on the lower parts ; the throat unspotted, 

 but the rest of the body covered with mesial dark brown centres to 

 the feathers, more oval in shape on the flanks and narrower on the 

 thighs ; under tail-coverts buff", with only a narrow brown shaft- 

 stripe ; tail dark brown, broadly tipped with creamy white, the 

 middle feathers spotted on both webs, the rest spotted on the outer 

 and barred on the inner web with rufous ; bill bluish at the base 

 and tip, yellowish horn in the centre of both mandibles ; feet yel- 

 lowish. ' Total length 16 inches, culmen 1, wing 11-5 (not fully 

 grown), tail 7, tarsus 1-9 *. 



Hab. The countries bordering the Mediterranean, rarely extending 

 into Central Europe or below Egypt into N.E. Africa. 



Cairo. Purchased. 



Egypt. W. B. D. TurnbuU, Esq. [P.]. 



Tunis. L. Eraser, Esq. 



Kelamet, Habab, W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C.]. 

 July 9th, 1868. 



* For the description of a still younger bird, see Shelley's ' Birds of Egypt ' 

 (p. 189). This bird is more thickly blotched with brown on the breast, resem- 

 bling in this respect the young of Falco juggur. It is, however, distinguished 

 from this species by its pale rufous white head. The absence of rufous edgings 

 to the dorsal feathers is another peculiarity ; but I think there is no doubt that 

 it is only a young Lanner. I think my friend Captain Shelley is wrong in sup- 

 posing his bird with the whitish head and streaked breast to be the very old 

 bird. It is, in my opinion, not aged, though nearly mature, as is shown by the 

 brownish ashy colour of the tail, the bars across tiie dorsal plumes, the pale head, 

 and the streaks on the breast, which disappear and merge into spots in the 

 fully adult Lanner. 



