75. FALCo. r!!)7 



15. Falco severus. 



Falco severiis, Horsf. Tr. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 13.5 (1822) ; Stiichl. Odi. 



Si/n. p. 87 (1855); SrM. Mas. P.-B. Falc. p. 23 (1802); Blyth, 



Ibis, 1863, p. 8 ; Schl. Vog. Nederl. Iml. Valkv. pp. 4, 45, Taf. 2. 



figs. 2, 3 (18(3G); Radd. Ibis, 1871, p. 366; ScM. Rcvne Accipitr. 



p. 46 (1873). 

 Falco aldrovaudii, Temni. PL Col. i. pi. 128 (1823) ; Less. Traitc (TOrn. 



p. 91(1831). 

 Faleo rufipedoides, Hodgs. Calc. Juurn. K. H. i\. p. 283 (1844). 

 Falco guttata. Gray, Cat. Accipitr. Brit. Mas. p. 26 (1844). 

 Il3'poti-ioichis severus, Gray, Gen. of B. i. p. 20 (1844) ; Blyth, Cat. 



B. Mas. As. Soc. Beny. p. 14 (1849) ; Kaup, Cmtr. Orn. 1850, 



p. 54; Bp. Consp. i. p. 25 (1850) ; Hvrsf. S; lloore, Cat. B. Mas. 



E. I. Co. i. p. 23 (1854); Jerd. B. Incl. i. p. 34 (18('2); Wall. 



Ibis, 1868, p. 5 ; Gray, Iland-l. B. i. p. 20 (1869) ; Hume, Rough 



Notes, i. p. 87 (1869) ; Wald. Tr. Z. S. viii. p. 33 (1872). 



Adult female. Above black, Tvith a slight slaty grey shade, more 

 distinct on the lower back, rump, and tail, the bars on the latter 

 being obsolete ; cheeks and ear-coverts entirely black, like the head ; 

 under surface of body uniform bright chestnut ; throat and sides of 

 neck creamy white, the latter Avith a shght wash of chestnut ; under 

 wing-coverts chestnut like the breast, some of the lower ones barred 

 with black ; primaries black, with a few rufous bars near the base ; 

 cere, orbits, and feet yellow ; bill bluish black, yellow at base ; iris 

 dark brown. Total length 13'5 inches, culmen 0-95, wing 9-1, tail 

 4-6, tarsus 1*4. 



Adult male. Similar to, but smaller than, the female. Total length 

 11'7 inches, Aving 8-5, tail 4-5, tarsus 1-15. 



Young. Similar to the adult, but the breast covered with median 

 tear-shaped black spots on each feather, the tail broadly banded and 

 tipped with rufous, as also are the primaries ; nape slightly varied 

 with rufous : throat purer white than in the adult. 



Ohs. Mr. Hume describes a bird he got in very similar plumage, 

 which turned out to be a female. The iluseum specimen is a female 

 also ; and that this is an immature plumage is proved by the fact 

 that another specimen from Nepal, though adult, still retains traces 

 of the bars on the tail. 



Hah. Himalayas, the whole Indo-Malayan subregion, extending 

 to Celebes and New Guinea. 



a. d ad. st. Nepal. B. II. Hodgson, Esq. [P.]. 



b. 2 juv. st. Philippine Islands. H. Cuming, Esq. [C.]. (Type 



of F. gnttatus.) 



c. 2 <id. sk. Manilla. John Gould, Esq. [P.l. 



d. 2 ad. St. Makassar, Celebes. A. R. Wallace, Esq. [C. 



e. S ad. sk. Makassar, Celebes. A. R. AVallace, Esq. G. 



f. (S ad. sk. Salwatti, New Guinea. A. R. Wallace, Esq. [C. 



16. Falco reli^osus. 



Falco frontatus, Schl. Vog. Nederl. Ltd. Valla: pi. 2. figs. 5, (1860, 

 iiec tig. 4). 



Immature female (Southern Gilolo, coll. Benistein in 3Itts. Luijd.). 



