75. FALco. 409 



Falco columbarius, Linn. S. X. i. p. 128 (17G6, e.v Catesby) ; Wils. 

 Am. Om. ii. p. 107, pi. xv. fig. 3 (1810) ; S^v. S,- Bkh. Faim. Bur.- 

 A»i. p. .35 (1831) ; Auchib. B. Am. i. p. 88, pi. xxi. (1839) ; Dekaii, 



(184; 



A.7n. 



ed. Baird, ^.'mO (1870) ; 'Allen, Bull. JTrt/'iTVok ii7p.'3ir(187T} j 



Boss, B. Calif, p. 2 (1871) ; >ScA/. i^ci'M Accipitr. p. 37 (1873). 

 Dusky FfilcoD, Penn. Arctic Zool. p. 213 (1785). 

 Falco obsciu'us, Gm. S. N. i. p. 281 (1788, ex Penn.). 

 Falco iutermixtus, Baud. Truite, ii. p. 141 (1800). 

 Tinnunculus columbarius, Vieill. Ois.Amer. Sept. i. p. 39,pl.ll (1807). 

 Falco temerarius, Audnh. Om. Biogr. i. p. 381 (1831). 

 Falco auduboni, Blackwall, Researches Zuol. p. 193 (1834). 

 Ilvpotriorchis columbai-ius, Gray, Gen. of B. i. p. 20 (1844) ; Bp. 



'Consp. i. p. 26 (1850); Cass. B. Calif, p. 90 (1855); Levi. Ois. 



Trinid. p. 27 (1866); Gray, Iland-l. B. i. p. 21 (1869). 

 ^salon columbarius, Kaup, Contr. Om. 1850, p. 54 ; Bp. Rev. et 



Mag. de Zoul. 1854, p. 536. 



Young female. Above deep brown with a slight shade of grey, 

 the feathers of the crown and the wing-coverts slightly margined 

 with rufous, the nape mottled with fulvoixs spots, a few of which 

 are also visible on the scapulars ; the upper tail-coverts with di- 

 stinct fulvous edgings ; quills deep brown, slightly tipped with buffy 

 white, the inner face of the quills greyish brown, with a few rufous 

 spots on the inner webs ; tail blackish, tipped with buffy white, and 

 crossed with indications of three rufescent bands, more distinct 

 underneath ; lores, eyebrow, and sides of face deep ochre, streaked 

 with blackish, and forming a distinct moustache on the cheeks ; 

 throat buffy white, with narrow blackish streaks ; rest of under 

 surface ochraceous, very broadly streaked with blackish brown 

 centres to the feathers, becoming smaller on the thighs and under 

 tail-coverts ; under wing-coverts and axillaries blackish, marked 

 with oval spots of bufly^ white, the edge of the wing varied with 

 rufous. Total length 13 inches, culmen 0-8, wing 8-6, tail 5-8, 

 tarsus 1-6. 



Adult male. Above dark slate-colour, with distinct black shaft- 

 stripes, the head and wing-coverts blackish slate-colour, darker than 

 rest of upper surface ; hind neck mottled with rufous buff ; quills 

 brown, externally shaded with ashy, the secondaries narrowly tipped 

 with whitish, the innermost slaty grey, like the scapulars, the inner 

 webs of aU the quills broadly banded with whitish buff, showing 



ing white anteriorly ; cheeks with the streaks exceedingly fine and scattered ; 

 tail crossed with six sharply defined, perfectly continuous bands of ashy white; 

 inner webs of primaries with eight whitish spots ; pectoral markings broad, 

 sharply defined, clear light ochraceous brown, with black shaft-lines, stripes 

 broadest on tlie flanks. 



Feniale. Generally similar to the male. -Ill the feathers above with pairs of 

 rounded ochraceous spots on opposite webs ; secondaries crossed with three 

 hands of ochraceous ; bands of tlie tail pure white, six in number. Measure- 

 ments of ? : — wing 9, tail 6'10, tarsus 1'40, middle toe 1'51. 



