7b. CEECHNEIS. 437 



The blue tail is assumed by a moult, the blue head being, on the 

 other hand, gained by a change of feather. Birds in intermediate 

 stages are often thus seen. 



Hob. Southern and South-eastern Europe, migrating in winter 

 to South Africa. 



a. S ad. sk. S. Europe. E. Wilson, Esq. [P.]. 



b. cJ ad. sk. Spain. Capt. Cook [P.]. 



c. S ad. St. Nazareth. Canon Tristram [C.l. 



d. 5 ad. St. Nazareth. Canon Tristram [6.1. 



e. S juv. sk. Red Sea, Oct. 13, 1873. E. L. Layard, Esq. [CI 

 /. cf ad. sk. Adigrat, Tigr^, April 27, W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C.]. 



1868. 



11. Cerchneis peMnensis, 



Tinnunculus cenchris, Hursf. !<,• Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E. I. Co. i. p. 14 



(1854); Irby, Ibis, 1861, p. 220. 

 Erythropus cenchris, Jerd. B. of Ind. i. p. 38 (1862) ; Blyth, Ibis, 



1863, p. 10; Hume, Rough Notes, i. p. 103 (1869). 

 Falco cenchris, var. pekinensis, Sioinh. P. Z. S. 1870, pp. 442, 448. 

 Tichornis pekinensis, Stcinh. P. Z. S. 1871, p. 341. 

 Erythropus pekinensis, Je>-d. Ibis, 1871, p. 242. 



Adult nude. Very similar to C. naumanni, but darker and 

 more vinous red above ; underneath also darker- coloured and un- 

 spotted when adult. The principal distinction is in the wing- 

 coverts, which are almost entirely blue-grey, only the very inner- 

 most being slightly washed with rufous. Total length 12 inches, 

 culmen 0-8, wing 9-6, taU. 5*8, tarsus 1-45. 



Hah. N. China ; Himalayas. 



B. H. Hodgson, Esq. [P.]. 



J. Gould, Esq. [P.]. 



B. H. Hodgson, Esq. [P.]. 



12. Cerchneis sparveria. 



The Little Hawk, Catesby, Knt. H. Carol, i. p. 5, pi. 5 (1731). 

 Falco sparverius, Linn. S. N. i. p. 128 (1766, e.r Catesby); Wils. 



Atn. Orn. ii. p. 117, pi. 16. fig. 1 (1810) ; Sw. ^ Rich. Faun. Bor.- 



Am. p. 31, pi. 24 (1831) ; Aud. B. Am. fol. p]. xxii., et ed. 8vo, 



i. p. 94, pi. 22 (1839) ; Dekay, N. Hist. N. Y. Birds, p. 16, pi. vii. 



fig. 6 (1843) ; Cass, in Baird, B. N. Am. p. 13 (1860) ; Schl. Mus. 



P.-B. Falc. p. 30 (1862) ; Baird, Ibis, 1867, p. 288; Salt: P. Z. S. 



1867, p. 158 ; Cooper, B. Calif, ed. Baird, p. 462 (1870) ; Schl. 



Revue AccipUr. p. 45 (1873). 

 New York Merlin, Lath. Gen. Syn. i. pt. 1, p. 107 (1781). 

 Falco noveboracensis, Gm. S. N. i. p. 284 (1788, ex Lath.). 

 Tinnunculus sparverius, Vieill. Ois. Am. Sept. pis. 12, 13 (1807) ; 



Gray. Gen. B. i. p. 21 (1844) ; Bp. Con.^p. i. p. 27 (18.50) ; Cass. 



B. Calif, p. 92 (1855) ; Strickl. Orn. Si/n. p. 99 (1855) ; Scl P. Z. S. 



18.56, p. 285; Cass. U. S E.vpl. Exp. p. 89 (1858) ; Sd. <t Salv. 



Ibis. 1859, p. 219 : A. ^- E. Newton, t. c. pp. 03, 378, pi. xii. fig. 7 ; 



