79. PANDION. 



451 



exactly similar, there being a continued alteration in the pattern of 

 the feather itself. At the same time two young birds, distinguished by 

 the fulvous margins to the upper surface, have not a similar amount 

 of brown on the breast ; for in one it is almost entirely absent, 

 while the other has very few markings indeed. The tail becomes 

 more uniform brown with age, so that a strongly barred tail is a 

 sure sign of immaturity. 



I notice that American examples are often of a darker and richer 

 brown than European examples, and are sometimes rather larger. 



Hah. The whole of Europe and Africa ; northern Asia, extending 

 to India and China ; North America and the Antilles, ranging as far 

 as the northern parts of S. America. 



Subsp. a. Pandion leucocephalus. 



Pandion leucocephalus, Gould, Syn. B. Austr. pt. iii. pi. 6 (1838) ; 

 Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 17 (1845) ; Gould, B. Austr. i. pi. 6 (1848) ; Bp. 

 Coiisp. Av. i. p. 16 (1850) ; Strickl. Orn. Syn. p. 05 (1855) ; Gotdd, 

 Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 15 (1869) ; Schl. Vog. Nederl. Ind. pp. 12, 

 52, pi. 3. tig. 3 (1866) ; Wall. Ibis, 1868, p. 15 ; Gray, Hand-l. B. 

 i. p. 15 (1869). 



Pandion gouldi, Kaup, Isis, 1847, p. 270. 



Similar to P. haliaetus, but very much smaller ; cere bluish lead- 

 colour ; bUl black ; feet pale bluish white ; iris primrose-yellow in 

 some, bright orange in others. Total length 20 inches, wing 16-3, 

 A specimen killed by Mr. Wallace in New Guinea had the wing 17 

 inches long. 



Hub. Australia and the Moluccas. 



Ad. sk. 



Ad. St. 

 Ad. St. 

 Ad. sk. 



Australia. 

 Port Essington. 

 Port Essington. 

 New Guinea. 



J. Gould, Esq. [P.]. 

 Dr. Sibbald, R.N. [P.]. 

 Capt. W. Chambers, R.N. [P.]. 

 A. R. Wallace, Esq. [P.]. 

 2h2 



