1. PAKTTS. 11 



Zoogr. Eoss.-As. i. p. 5."j2 ; Brehm, Handh. Viig. Deidschl. p. 463 ; 

 Less. Man. d'Orn. i. p. 318; id. Traite d'Orn. p. 45l); Werner, 

 Atlas (Granivores), pi. lo ; Nihs. Skandin. Faun. i. p. 342 ; Gould, 

 B. Eur. iii. pi. 153 ; Scliinz, Eur. Fauna, p. 218 ; Sundev. Svensk. 

 Fofil. pi. 68. fig. 5; Wright, Finlands Foglar, i. p. 183 ; Fi-itsch, 

 Vdg. Eur. pi. 27; Ilol/and. Wirbt-Uh. rommerns, p. 60 ; Hume and 

 Henders. Lahore to Yark. p. 107 ; Dresser, B. Eur. iii. p. 143, 

 pi. 114; Blanf. East. Persia, p. 231; Seehohm, Ibis, 1880, p. 189. 



Azure Titmouse", Feitn. Arct. Zool. p. 426 (1785 ). 



Azure Tit, Lath. Gen. 8yn. Suppl. i. p. 189 (1787). 



Parus saebyensis, Sparrm. Mus. Carls, tab. 25 (1786-88). 



Parus knjaescik, Gtn. Sgst. Nat. i. p. 1013 (1788). 



Cyanistes cyaneus, Kaup, Nat. Syst. p. 99 (1829). 



Parus cyaneus, Schleg. liev. Crit. p. xlvi (1844) ; Bp. Consp. p. 229 ; 

 Kjcerboll. Dumii. Fugle, pi. xxiv. 



Cyanistes elegans, Brehm, Xaumannia, 1855, p. 285. 



Cyanistes cyanus, Taczan. J. f. 0. 1872, p. 442 



Parus cyauiis tianschanicus, Severtz. J. f. O. 1873, p. 347. 



AcMt male. General colour above white, with a greyish-blue 

 tinge on the mantle ; head all round white, with the exception of a 

 black streak through the eye ; occiput separated from the hind neck 

 by a dark-blue irregular band, which gets broader behind the ear- 

 coverts ; upper wing-coverts blackish, strongly washed with blue ; 

 the greater wing-coverts and scapulars blackish at base, the terminal 

 half white, forming a broad alar band of that colour; primary-quills 

 blackish, the basal half of the external web blue, the rest whitish ; 

 secondaries externally blue, with large white tips which become 

 larger and larger towards the innermost secondaries ; central tail- 

 feathers dark blue, with irregular white tips ; the outer tail-feathers 

 are almost entirely white, with a greyish spot only at their basal 

 quarter ; the other tail-feathers are bluish grey at their inner web, 

 blue at their outer web, and largely tipped with white ; upper tail- 

 coverts grey and blue, with whitish tips ; all the underparts are 

 white, with the exception of a dark greyish-blue spot in the middle 

 of the breast ; under surface of quills pale grey, with whitish 

 edgings to the inner web ; biU blackish. Total length 5-6 inches, 

 ctilmen 0-4, wing 2-6-2-8, tail 2-5, tarsus 0'7. 



Hah. Korthern Palaeaj-ctic Region. 



Purchased. 

 Piu-chased. 

 Dr. Finsch [CI. 

 Dr. Finsch [C.]. 



7. Parus flavipectus. 



Parus flavipectus, Severfz. Turk. Jevofnie, p. 133 (1873); id. J. f. O. 



1873, pp. 346, 371 ; id. Str. F. 1875, p. 423; Dresser, Ibis, 1876, 



p. 92. 

 Cyanistes flavipectus, Severtz. Turk. Jevotnie, pi. viii. fig. 7 ( $ ). 



Adult male. Upper parts of head white, with a slight bluish hue 

 on the occiput; greater wing-coverts, secondaries, and about the 

 tei-miiial half of most of the tail-feathers pure white ; lower part of 



