36 PARIDJE. 



A. Tfestern Race (P. cinctus). — Crown of head and hind neck 

 dusky brown ; mantle, scapulars, and back earthy brown with an 

 ochraceous tinge ; wing-coverts, quills, and tail blackish ; most of 

 tlie wing-coverts and the inner secondaries rather broadly edged 

 with fulvous ; the primaries and the tail edged with greyish white ; 

 lores, cheeks, ear-covei-ts, and sides of head white ; throat dull 

 brownish black ; on the lower parts of the fore neck the feathers 

 more or less tipped and edged with white ; upper part of breast 

 and centre of beUy whitish -, rest of underparts pale ochraceous ; 

 under wing-coverts paler ; quills internally margined with whitish ; 

 biU black ; feet bluish grey ; " iris dark brown " (Fimch). 



There is no conspicuous difference in coloration between the two 

 sexes. Tn autumn dress the whitish edgings to the feathers of the 

 throat are larger and more numerous, causing these parts to have a 

 very mottled appearance. Total length about 5 inches, culmen 

 ( S ) 0-48, wing 2-76, tail 2-76, tarsus 0-7,; culmen ( $ ) 0-47, wing 

 2-5, taU 2-5, tarsus 0-65. 



Ilab. The Lapp Titmouse has a rather large range. It is found 

 all over the most northern parts of Europe, Russia, and North- 

 western Asia, extending eastwards as far as the Jenesei river. 

 Eastwards of this river, especially in the region of the Lake Baikal, 

 the Lapp Titmouse is represented by the following race. 



B. Eastern Bace (P. obtectus). — In the British-Museum collec- 

 tion there are specimens from Lake Baikal which slightly differ 

 from two specimens of the true P. cinctus ( c? and $ ) from the Ob 

 district, in autumn dress ; and these differences agree tolerably with 

 those pointed out by Prof. Cabanis. 



General colour above slightly duller and less distinct than P. 

 cinctus, mantle more greyish, breast white ; sides of breast, flanks, 

 and thighs slightly washed with ochraceous fawn-colour. Culmen 

 0-48 inch, wing 2-63, tail 2-63, tarsus 0-G8*. 



Hab. Siberia, eastwards from the Jenesei river, especially near 

 Lake Baikal. 



a. cJ juv. sk. Fiulaud. F. D. Godman and 0. Sal- 



vin, Esqrs. [P.]. 



J, c. c? 2 ad. sk. Bolschoi Ustram, Sept.ll. Dr. Finsch [C.l. 



d,e. cJ 5 ad. sk. Langiorskaja, Ob river, Dr. Finsch [C.J. 



Sept. 7. 



/. c? ad. sk. Parawatzki, Jurti, Sept.5. Dr. Finsch [C.]. 



(moulting). 



* Eesult of the examination of 26 specimens in Mr. Seebohm's collection : — 



a. Birds from Sweden, Archangel, and Lower Ob have the mantle, back, and 

 flanks deeper reddish or ocliraceous brown. 



b. Nine specimens from the Jenesei (66^ north lat.) are much greyer above 

 and paler below. 



c. Two specimens from Lake Baikal agree perfectly with the Jenesei birds. 



d. Three birds from Krasnojarsk agree with Jenesei birds. They were shot 

 in November and December, and consequently have the fore neck more mottled 

 with white, the black extending further down than in the Jenesei birds, which 

 were shot in spring (April and May). 



Intermediate forms very probably occur westwards from the Jenesei river. 



