1. PARTJS. 49 



Entire crown of head, nape, and centre of hind neck sooty black ; 

 mantle, scapulars, and entire back bnffish brown : quills, tail- 

 feathers, and wing-coverts brown, with narrow paler edgings ; lores, 

 cheeks, and ear-corerts white, passing through pale cream-colonr 

 on the sides of the neck into the colour of the mantle ; chin, throat, 

 and fore neck dull black, each feather narrowly tipped with white, 

 giving the throat a mottled appearance ; sides of breast, flanks, 

 abdomen, and under tail-coverts huffish ochraceous, inclining to pale 

 cream-colour or whitish towards the centre and upper part of 

 breast ; under wing-coverts reddish brown like abdomen ; " culmen 

 black; feet dark lead-colour; iris dark brown"' {Prjzexi'.). Total 

 length 5 inches, culmen 0-52, wing 2-7, tail 2-3, tarsus 0-72. 



Hah. Pine-forestsof Central Asia, from the Thian-Shan mountains 

 to Kan-Su. 



47. Parus palustris. 



La Mesange de Marais on la Xounette cendree, Briss. Oni. iii. p. 55.5. 

 Parus paju,-^tris, Linn. S. X. i. p. 341 (1706) ; Bec/ist. Vog. Deidschl 



iv. p. 741 ; lietzius, Faun. Siiec. p. 270 ; Koch, Si/sfe?n. baier. Zool. 



p. 206; Temm. Man. (TOni. p. 291 ; Bonn. ef'Tmll. Enc. Meth. 



p. 502 ; Eovx, Orn. Prorenq. p. 189, pi. 120 ; Pall. Zoogr. Rosso- 



As. i. p. 557, tab. 34. f. 2 ; Nihson, Sknnclin. Faun. 1. p. 339 (1835) ; 



Seli/s-Lojif/ch. Faune Beige, p. 104 ; Thompson, Nat. Hist. Ireland, 



p. 206 ; Bp. C. A. i. p. 230 ; Kjarholl. Banmarhs Fugle, pi. 23 ; 



Sunder. Svenska Fogl. pi. 16. fig. 6 ; Wright, Finlands Foglar, i. 



p. 180 ; Holland. Wirhelth. Pommerns, p. 61 ; Sahad. Faun. Ital. 



ii. p. 68 ; Dresser, B. Eur. iii. p. 108 ; Danford ^- Broivn, Ibis, 



1875, p. 303 ; Irbg, Ibis, 1879, p. ,344 ; Neicton, ed. Yarrell Br. B. 



p. 495 ; Booth, Bough Xotes. pt. ii. pi. 

 Marsh Titmouse, Lath. Gen. Sgn. ii. pt. 2, p. 541 (1783). 

 Parus cinereus communis, Baldenst. Xeue Alpina, p. 30, t. 2 (1829). 

 Poecile palu.stris, Kaup, Xatiirl. Sijst. p. 114 ( 1829) ; Cab. Mus. Hein. 



i. p. 91 ; 3Ialm, Fauna, p. 181 ; Dav. 4- Oustal. Ois. Chine, p. 288. 

 Parus salicarius, Brehm, Vog. Deutschl. p. 405 (1831). 

 Poikilis palustris, Blasius, List B. Eur. p. 8 (1862). 

 Poecile communis, Degl. ^- Gerbe, Orn. Eur. i. p. 567 (1867). 

 Parus palustris, suK-^p. japonicus, Seebohn, Pis, 1879, p. 32. 

 Parus palustris japonicus, Blakist. ^- Pryer, B. Japan, p. 150. 



Adult male in summer. ^lantle and upper back greyish brown, 

 with a very perceptible olive tinge, paler on the lower back and 

 rurnp and more yellowish instead of olive; tail grey-brown, with 

 whitish tips and margins to the outer pairs of feathers ; most of the 

 wing-coverts with the external web coloured like the back, the inner 

 one darker ; greater wing-coverts, secondaries, and primaries dark 

 greyish brown, with light olive-brown margins, especially to the 

 outer webs of the innermost secondaries : crown of head and occiput 

 jet-black ; cheeks, ear-coverts, and sides of neck pnre white ; feathers 

 of chin and ujjper throat black ; lower down the feathers become 

 more and more edged with whiti.sh, passing into the dull white 

 colour of the breast and middle of abdomen ; sides of breast, flanks, 

 and under tail-coverts more or less washed with buff; quills below 



VOL. VIII. K 



