66 



4. ^GITHALUS. 



Type. 



^githahis, Boie, Isis, 1822, p. 556 ^- pendaliDus. 



Pendulinus, Brehm, Vog. Deutschl. p. 475 (1831, 



nee Vieillot) ^- pendulinus. 



Paroides (pt.), Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 193 (1847, «ec 



Brehm). 



Anthoscopus, Cab. Mus. Hein. i. p. 89 (1850) M. capensis. 



Cephalopyrus, Bp. 1853, teste Je)-d. B. Ind. ii. p. 267 



(1863) " -^- flammiceps. 



Aui-iparus," Baird', Rev. Am. B. p. 85 (18(34) JE. flavipes. 



i 



Head and bill of ^gitkahts pendulinus. 



Bill short and straight, verj' much pointed ; tail and wings 

 short; tip of wing formed by third, fourth, and fifth primaries; 

 first primaiT spurious or veiy short in the Palsearctic species, well 

 developed in the American and African species : tarsus in front 

 covered with transverse scales. Crown without a crest. Plumage 

 containing verj- plain colours only. 



Mange. Europe, Africa, and Xorth America. 



Key to the Species. 



A. First pnmary long (= ahout half the length 

 of the second primary). Subgeneric group 



^GITHALUS. 



a. Mantle and back fawn and chestnut ; under- 

 parts creamy. 

 a'. Throat white, or nearly' so ; bill pointed ; 

 sides of head black. 



a". Crown of head greyish white pendtihniis, p. 67. 



b". Occiput and centre of crown mottled 



black and white coronatus, p. 68. 



c". Crown of head chestnut castaneus, p. 68. 



b'. Throat blackish ; biU blunt ; crown of head 



pale brownish macrony.v, p. 69. 



b. Mantle and back olive-green; forehead crimson- 

 red ; all the underparts bright yellow Jlamtnireps, p. 69. 



B. First primary veiy short. Subgeneric group 

 Anthoscopus. 



a. Head all round yellow ; chestnut-red patch 



on shoulder flaviceps, p. 72. 



b. Forehead only bright yellow Jiavifrons, p. 72. 



