4. VANGA. 105 



part black, every feather with a white tip ; front of the head and 

 lores white, top and back of the head glossy black, separated from 

 the black of the back by a very distinct white collar, which is united 

 with the white sides of the neck ; cheeks, chin, and the whole 

 under surface of the body, including the under wing-coverts and 

 the edge of the wing, pure white ; under surface of quills blackish, 

 inner web edged with white ; bill black ; feet leaden grey ; iris 

 brown. Total length 9-3 inches, culmen 1-07, wing 4-4, tail 4-5, 

 tarsus 1*2. 



Ohs. Two other specimens, obtained by Crossley, are like the 

 adult bird described above, but have the collar round the hind neck 

 and the whole body below silvery grey ; the under wing-coverts, 

 axillaries, and inner margin of quills, however, pure white ; the 

 front of the head is grey. They are probably younger birds. 



Hah. Madagascar. 



a. [cJ] ad. st. Madagascar. Sir A. Smith [C.]. 



6. [(fj ad. sk. Mohambo, Madagascar. Mr. Garrard [C.]. 



c, d. Ad. sk. Saralalan (Crossley). R. B. Shai-pe, Esq. 



e. Ad. sk. Madagascar. R. B. Sharpe, Esq. 



/. 5 ad. sk. Analatsoi. Rev. W. Deans Cowan [C.]. 



2. Vanga rufa. 



Lanius madagascariensis rufus, Briss. Orn. p. 178, pi. 18. fig. 4. 



Pie-grieche rousse de Madagascar, Dauhent. PI. Enl. 298. fig. 2. 



Rufous Shrike, Lath. Gen. Syn. i. pt. i. p. 180. 



Lanius rufus, Gyn. S. N. i. p. 303 (1788). 



Schetba rufa, Less. Traite d'Orn. p. 374. 



Ai'tamia nita,, Lafresn. [ubi?]; Bp. C. R. xxxviii. p. 5.33; HaHl. 



Faun. Maday. p. 48; A. Nexot. P. Z. S. 1865, p. 855; Verr. in 



Vinson, Voy. Maday., Ann. B, p. 2 (18G5). 

 Calicalicus rufus, Grandid. Rev. et May. Zool. 1867, p. 387. 

 Artamus rufus, Graji, Hand-l. B. i. p. 290, no. 4288. 

 Pachycepbala rufa, 8chley. c^- Pollen, Faun. Maday. pp. 86, 158, pi. 



26. figs. 1, 2. 

 Vanga rufa, Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 319. 

 Lantzia rufa, Hai-tl. Voy. Madaq. p. 194 ; Milne-Edwards ^- Grandid. 



Hist. Maday., Ois. pis. 160, 161. 



Aflult male. Back, rump, upper tail-coverts, the whole tail, and 

 the wing-coverts reddish chestnut-brown ; greater wing-coverts and 

 quills brown, the outer web of the same colour as the back ; head 

 and neck all round, chin, and chest glossy black; remainder of the 

 body below pure white ; axillaries white ; edge of wing whitish, 

 spotted with chestnut-brown and grey ; under surface of quills dull 

 brown, internally rufous ; "bill lead-colour, lighter on the tip; feet 

 fuscous " (Hartlaub). Culmen 0-7 inch, wing 3"8, tail 2-7-3-3, tarsus 

 0-75-1. 



Adult female. Above reddish brown ; tail light reddish chestnut, 

 outer web edged with pale brown ; wing-coverts and quills light 

 umber-brown, some of the secondaries strongly washed with reddish 

 brown ; crown and sides of the head glossy black, separated from the 



