6. XENOriEOSTIUS. 109 



Hnrtl Fatm. Madag. p. 43 ; Grandid. i?ey. et Mar/, de Zuol. 1867, 

 p. 386, 1868, p. 48 ; Gray, Hand-l. i?. i. p. 290, no. 4291 ; Milne-Edw. Sf 

 Gratidid. Hint. Madag., Ois. pi. 162. 

 Artamia bernieri, Schleg. ^- Pollen, Faun. Madag. p. 86, pi. 25; Hartl. 

 Vog. Madag. p. 153. 



The adult of this bird is in the Leiden Museum ; and the speci- 

 men, as figured in Grandidier's work, is entirely greenish black above 

 and below. 



The young bird in the Paris Museum is described by Dr. Hart- 

 laub as follows : — " Rufous, banded across with black on upper 

 parts ; quills uniform rufous ; under wing- and under tail-coverts 

 banded with fulvous and black ; bill and feet pale lead-colour ; cul- 

 men 0-73, wing 4-85, tail 2-6, tarsus 0-92." {Hartlauh.) 



Hah. Madagascar. 



6. XENOPIROSTRIS. 



Xenopirostris, Bp. C. A. i. p. 366 (1850) {ex Type. 



Lafresn.) X. xenopirostris. 



Clytorhynchus, Elliot, P. Z. S. 1870, p. 242 X. pachycephaloides. 



Heads of X. polleni and X. pachycephaloides. 



Bill strong, laterally much compressed, very peculiarly shaped ; 

 gonys and whole mandibula strongly curved upwards, so as to leave 

 a narrow space between it and the maxilla, not hooked, but with a 

 notch ; nostrils oval, ossified, quite exposed ; nasal and rictal bristles 

 present but not strong. First primary well developed ; tip of wing 

 formed by fourth to sixth primaries ; secondaries comparatively 

 long. Tail nearly square, each feather pointed, shorter than wing. 

 Tarsus covered with transverse scales. Claws very sharp and well- 

 developed. 



Range. Three species in Madagascar, a fourth in New Caledonia*. 



Keg to the Species. 



a. With black on the throat. 



«'. Throat entirely black polleni, p. 110. 



b'. Chin only black xenopirostris, p. 110. 



b. \\ ith no black on the throat. 



c'. Underneath white damii, p. 110. 



d'. Underneath brown like the upper surface . pachycephaloides, p. 111. 



* I am unable to find any external characters by which to separate the New- 

 Caledonian form Clyti/rhynchus from this genus. 



