132 LANIID^. 



b'". Lower back pure white or pale g'rey. 

 c"*. All the upper wiug-coverts, scapu- 

 lars, aud quills entirely black ; body 

 below pure white. 

 e^. Under wing-coverts white. 



Culmen at base ridged and , /^ • -tA^ 



slightly compressed < ,•" ' ^ , , -, 



n T i. -u I J 1 1 hamatus, p. 142. 



Uulmen at base broad aud much ' ' ^ 



rounded sabinei, p. 143. 



/'. Under wing-coverts black atrialatus, p. 143. 



rf''. Only the head, neck, mantle, aud tail 



glossy black ; scapulars, most of the 



wing-coverts and quills externally 



edged with white. 



g^. Whole luider surface of body, 



lower back, and rump pure white sali7nep, p. 144. 



A'. Body below greyish white. 



c^. Lower back and rump grey : 



larger. Female quite different 



from male ; below reddish , t, • t .[% 

 , ' I gambensis, p. 14d. 



„ T ' 1 1 ' ' j i ' " ' 1 I thamiiophiliis, p. 147. 



dr. Lower back and rump almost ' r ; r 



white: smaller. Female similar 



to the male cubla *, p. 148. 



L Dryoscopus leucorliynchus. 



TelephoDus leucorhynchus, Ilartl. Rvl\ Zool. 1848, p. 108; Bp. Consp. 



i. p. 361 ; Verr. Rev. et Mag. 1855, p. 470. 

 Laiiiarius leucorh}Tichus, Hartl. Beitr. Orn. Westafr. p. 51, Taf. 6; 



V. Midler, J. f. 0. 1855, p. 453 ; Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 397, 



DO. 6036 ; Bei'dien. J.f. 0. 1874, p. 28, 1875, p. 28. 

 Laniarius carbonarius, Cass. Pr. Phil. Acad. 1851, p. 347 ; Flnsch Sf 



Hartl. Vog. Oitafr. p. 352, note. 

 Rhynchastatus leucorhynchus, Bp. C. R. xxxviii. p. 635. 

 Rhynchastatus carbonarius, Bp. C. R. xxxviii. p. 535. 

 Dryoscopus carbonarius, Heine, J.f. 0. 1860, p. 135; Hartl. op.cit. 



1861, p. 172. 

 Dryoscopus leucorhynchus, Hartl. Orn. W.-Afr. p. 112 ; Heine, J. f. O. 



1860, p. 135; Hartl. P. Z. S. 1871, p. 211; Sharpc, Ibi.s, l870, 



p. 55 ; id. Cat. Afr. B. p. 47 ; Reichen. J.f. O. 1677, p. 24. 



Adult male. Entirely black above aud below. Total length 

 8 inches, culmen 0-!)5, wing 3'65, tail 35, tarsus 1"25. 



Adult female. Similar to the male, but rather shaded with choco- 

 late, especially on the wings and the throat. Total length 7"5 inches, 

 culmen Q-Do, wing 3-4, tail 3o, tarsus 1-25. 



Ohs. Dr. lleichenow (l. c.) states that the young birds of both 

 sexes have the bill black, the colour of the bill becoming white, with 

 a faint reddish shine, in the third year of age in the males as well 

 as in the females. The colour of the bill is not dependent on the 

 season. Iris reddish brown in both sexes ; dark brown iu young 

 birds. Feet bluish grey. 



According to this, three specimens iu the British-Museum col- 



* Here may be mentioned B. tricolor, p. 150, the type of which is a female ! 



