10. DRYOSCOPUS. 147 



Young male. Intermediate between the adult male and female. 

 Head and mantle and hind neck dark brown ; quills brown ; the 

 white edges of the quills and the wing-coverts strongly suffused 

 with ochraceous yellow ; tail brownish bhick ; body below white, 

 washed with pale ochraceous ; lores whitish. 



Younff female. More like the adult female, but generally paler 

 and more indistinctly coloured. Back paler grey, and brownish ; 

 tail brown ; under surface of body strongly washed with ochraceous. 



Uah. West Africa and North-east Africa. 



R. B. Sharpe, Esq. 

 R. B. Sharpe, Esq. 

 R. B. Sharpe, Esq. 

 J. Gould, Esq. 

 R. B. Sharpe, Esq. 



F. Nicholson, Esq. 

 R. B. Sharpe, Esq. 

 Dr. Lucan [C.]. 

 R. B. Sharpe, Esq. [P.]. 



R. B. Sharpe, Esq. 



R. B. Sharpe, Esq. 

 W.T.Blanford,Esq. [C.l. 

 W.T.Blanford,Esq.[C.J. 

 F. D. Crodmau and O. Sal- 

 via, Esqrs. [P.]. 



20. Dryoscopus thamnophilus. 



Dryoscopus thamnophilus, Cab. in v. d. Deckens Reis. iii. p. 26, t. vjii. 



(1869) ; Finsch ^- Hartl. Yog. Ostafr. p. 358 (1870). 

 Laniarius thamnophilus, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 397, no. 6035. 



Very similar to, and perhaps identical with, D. gamhensis. 

 General colour grey, palest on the rump, abdomen, and under 

 tail-coverts ; centre of crown blackish ; wings and wing-coverts 

 black, tipped or edged with white, especially the greater coverts ; 

 centre of back slightly mottled with dingy white and blackish ; 

 tail-feathers black, the three outer pairs with narrow white tips. 

 Length of culmen 0-8 inch, wing 2"9, tail 2-4, tarsus 0-9. 



Prof. Cabanis thinks that this specimen is an immature male ; and 

 he suggested to me Madagascar as its possible home. Finsch and 

 Hartlaiib are wrong in declaring this bird to be an American 

 Thamnopliilus. The bill, it is true, is slightly more compressed 

 than in the most typical forms of Dryoscopus ; but the bill in this 

 genus is subject to considerable variation in shape and size, as 

 may bo proved by the examination of a series of D. cuhla alone. 

 Moreover the bird in question has a well-developed first primary, 

 as in the other species of Dri/oscopus, and its tarsus is covered behind 

 with one long scutum, whilst in Thamnophilus the tarsus is covered 

 in front and behind with transverse scales. I fail to understand 



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