11, LANIARItlS. 157 



iris j-ellowish orange {Heuglin), bright yellow (KirJc). Total length 

 'J'S inches, cnlmen 1'15, wing 4-8, tail 4-6, tarsus 1-5. 



Obs. According to von Heuglin specimens from North-eastern 

 Africa never have the breast washed with orange ; the only specimen 

 from Abyssinia in the British-Museum collection, labelled a female, 

 agrees with the above remark, whilst bho specimens from Natal and 

 South-eastern Africa have the chest deeply coloured with orange ; 

 specimens from Western Africa are intermediate. 



ffdb. N.E. Africa ; Western Africa, from Senegambia to the 

 Niger ; iS.E. Africa, Natal to the Zambesi. 



a, b. Ad. St. S.E. Africa. G. Campbell, Esq. [P.]. 



c. Ad. sk. Natal. E. B. Sharpe, Esq. 



d. Ad. sk. Zambesi (Sir J. Kirh). Livingstone Expedition 



[C.]. 



c. Ad. sk. Makalaka country. Dr. 11. F. Bradsbaw[C.]. 



/. Ad. sk. Mombasa. " Rev. E. A. Buxton [P.]. 



g. 2 ad. sk. Abyssinia, June 2. R. B. Sharps, Esq. 



h. Ad. sk. River Niger (Baikie). R. B. Sharps, Esq. 



i. Ad. sk. Casamanzs. R. B. Sharps, Esq. 



k. Ad. sk. River Gambia. R. B. Sharpe, Esq. 



/. Ad. sk. W. Africa. Purchased. 



Subsp. a. Laniarius monteiri. 



Laniarius monteiri, Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 145, pi. xiii. fig. 1 ; 



Ileuffl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. ii. p. cxviii, note. 

 Msristss monteiri, Bocage, Orn. d^ Angola, p. 235, note. 



Adult female (type of species). Entire head and neck bluish grey ; 

 back and scapulars rich olive-green, the feathers of the upper tail- 

 coverts margined with yellow ; wing-coverts whitish yellow at 

 the tips ; quills black, margined externally with rich olive-green, 

 some of the primiiries being edged with whitish yellow, the inner- 

 most secondaries broadly tipped with a bar of the latter colour ; tail 

 olive-green, tipped with yellow ; lores, feathers round the eye, a 

 broad superciliary sti'ipe, a spot behind the ear-coverts and on the 

 sides of the neck pure white ; entire under surface rich lemon- 

 yellow ; " bill black ; feet leaden blue ; iris white." Total length 

 9 inches, culmen 1-25, wing 4-2, tail 4-2, tarsus 1-25. 



Obs. This race may be distinguished from L. poUocephalus by 

 the very broad superciliary stripe and the white spot behind the ear- 

 coverts and on the sides of the neck. The very strongly bent and 

 hooked and therefore apparently fully-grown bill speaks against this 

 specimen being a young one, as was supposed by von Heuglin. 



a. 2 ad. sk. Loando, Rio Dande, April 28, J. J. Mouteiro, Esq. 



1869 (S(da). (Type of species.) 



9. Laniarius melanothorax. (Plate lY.) 



Laniarius nigrithorax, Sharpe, Ibis, 1871, p. 417 ; id. op. cit. 1872, 



p. 71. 

 Laniarius melanothorax, Sharpe, Ibis, 1881, p. 605 (nomen emend.). 



