172 



Subfamily III. PACHYCEPHALIN^. 



Bill rather strong, culmcn slightly curved, notched. Nostrils in 

 a groove, the greater part of which remains unossified, forming an 

 imperfect operculum, and beset with small feathers, which, like the 

 nasal bristles, partly cover the nostrils. First primary large, i. e. 

 equals two thirds of the second in length. Tip of wing chiefly 

 formed by primaries 4, 5(, 6)*. Tail generally shorter than the 

 wings (generally equals two thirds of wing), round, square, or emar- 

 ginated, never graduated. Sexes generally different in colour. 

 Neither red or blue, but frequently yellow in the plumage. The 

 young birds are very plainly coloured. 



Austro-Malayau and Polynesian subregions. 



Key to the Genera. 



a. With a crest of feathers. 



«'. Secondaries gradually getting shorter, equal 

 in length to the last primaries ; under- 

 parts yellow - 14. FALCUNCULtrs, 



b'. The hrst two secondaries are as long as the [p. 172. 



second primary, while the last four pri- 

 maries are very short, like the rest of 

 the secondaries 15. Oreoica, p. 174. 



b. Without a crest of feathers. 



c'. BiU at nostrils broader than high. [p. 175. 



a". Tail longer than two thirds of wing .. 16. Eopsaltbia, 

 b". Tail shorter than two thirds of wing .. 18. Pachycare, 



[p. 226. 

 d'. Bill at nostrils equal in height and breadth 17. Pachycephala, 



[p. 182. 



14. FALCUNCULUS. 



Type. 

 Falcuncrdus, Vieillot in Aiialyse etc. p. 40 (1816) F. frontatus. 



Bill strongly curved and toothed, laterally much compressed. 

 Nostrils basal, in a half-ossified groove, roundish, hidden by small 

 feathers ; rictal or nasal bristles hardly developed. First primaiy more 

 than half the length of the next one ; tip of wing formed by third, 

 fourth, and fifth primaries ; wings a little shorter than the tail, 

 which is nearly square ; secondaries very short, being only three 

 fourths of the length of the wing. Tarsi anteriorly furnished 

 with transverse scales, with a tendency to fuse ; hallux with its 

 claw strong. Sexes alike in plumage, which contains much yellow 

 colour. Crown with a well developed crest. 



Range. Australia. 



* In Pachycare flavogrisea the 3rd, 4th, and 5th primaries are the longest ; 

 the tail is only about one half to two thirds the length of the wins. 



