132 



17. PACHYCEPHALA. 



Type. 

 Paclivcepliala, Viff. <§■ Horsf. Tr. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 238 



(1820) P. gutturalis. 



Hylocharis, " Jioie" Miill. Tijdschr. Nat. Ges. 1835, 



p. 331 P. philomela. 



Hyloterpe, Cah. Ornith. Not. in Arch. f. Naturgesch. 



p. 321 (1847) (nomen emended, pro Hylocharis) .... P. philomela. 

 Miiscitrea, Bhjth, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xvi. p. 121 



(1847) P. grisola. 



Pucherania, Bp. C. R. xxxviii. p. 536 (1854) P. spiuicauda. 



Pachycephalopsis, Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civic. Genova, 



xv! p. 48 (1879) P. hattamensis. 



Bill rather strong, culmen slightly curved, toothed and notched. 

 Nostrils situated in a groove, the greater part of which remains un- 

 ossified and forms an imperfect operculum ; the groove is beset with 

 small feathers, which, like the rictal bristles, partly cover the nos- 

 trils. First primary long, equalling two thirds of the next one, 

 which again is short ; tip of wing formed by 4th and 5th (to 6th) 

 primaries ; secondaries short. Tail always shorter than wing (gene- 

 rally equal to two thirds of its length), rounded or square, never 

 graduated ; the tail-feathers rather pointed. Tarsus covered with 

 transverse scales anteriorl)', except in P. hattamensis and P.poliosoma. 

 Sexes generally differing in plumage, the principal colours of which, 

 in the male, are earthen brown, yellow, olive-green, and black ; 

 red and blue are not found to occur. Head without a crest. The 



1. Quite uncertain is 



PaCHYCEPHALA SPINICAUDA. 



The type of this "species" is a young bird, and came somewhere from 

 Papuasia (New Guinea or Warrior Island ?). The feathers of the tail show 

 no peculiar stiffness. 



The literature contains the following references : — 



Pie-grieche a queue ^pineuse, Hombr. et Jacq. Voy. Pole Sud, Adas, 



pi. 6. fig. 2 (1834) (type examined by Salvadori). 

 Pachycephala, sp., Grag, Gen. B. i. p. 271 (1845). 

 Pteruthius spinicaudus, Jacq. et Puch. Voy. Pole Sud, Zool. i. p. 58 ; Hartl. 



J. f. 0. 1854, p. Ifi2 ; Bp. a R. xxxviii. p. 536 ; Meyer, Sitz. k. Akad. 



Wisse?isch. Wicn, Ixix. p. 391 (1874) ; Ousted. Bull. Soc. Phil. Paris, 1877. 

 Pucherania spinicauda, i?p. C. R. xxxviii. p. 536 ; Gray, Hwnd-l. i. p. 389, 



no. 5909. 

 Ptererythius spinicauda, Scl. Pr. Linn. Soc. ii. p. 161 (1858). 

 Pachycephala spinicauda, Gray, P.Z.S. 1858, p. 192; id. Cat. B. IS'ew 



Guinea, p. 31 ; id. P. Z. S. 1861, p. 435 ; Roscnb. J. f. 0. 1864, p. 120; 



Finsch, Neu-Gidiiea, p. 175; Salvad.Ann. Mus. Civic. Gewow. xii. p. 331 



(1878), XV. p. 48 (1879) ; id. Orn. Pap. e Molucche, ii. p. 235 (1881). 



2. The following bird is not a species of Pachycephala, but nearest allied to 

 PoecUodryas bimaculata (see Cat. B. vol. iv. p. 244) : — 



PCECILODRYAS CYANA. 



Myiolestes? cyanus, Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civic. Genov. vi. (1874) p. 84. 

 Pachycephala cyaua, Salvad. Anti. Mus. Civic. Genov. vii. (1875) p. 934 • 

 id. op. cit. X. (1877) p. U3. 



