232 LAxnDJE. 



of the feathers on the sides of the breast is dark cinnamon, forming 

 a half-concealed patch. 



Two others, from the same place, are of a much smaller size, and 

 differ considerably from the other specimens. The scapular feathers 

 are almost ■white, with a brown central patch and a snbtcrminal 

 transverse bar ; the head whitish ; the feathers with no longitudinal 

 shaft-streaks, but every one with a dark-brown centre and whitish 

 edgings ; a very distinct whitish superciliary stripe continues back- 

 wards, and separates the head from the neck. One of these speci- 

 mens has the underparts almost uniform dull white, the breast and 

 sides of the body only variegated with very faint transverse bars ; 

 the reddish colour ou the bases of the lateral feathers is just visible. 

 These two specimens seem to me birds in their first plumage. Total 

 length 9'o inches, culmen 6, wing 4-3, tail 5-4, tarsus 1-2. 



Hah. Western and Xorth-eastem Africa. 



«. Very old sk. Sudan {Enohlecher) . R. B. Sharpe, Esq. 



b. Ad. sk. Fautee ( Ussher). R. B. Sharpe, Esq. 



c, cl, e. Imm. sk. River Gambia. R. B. Shai-pe, Esq. 

 /. Young sk. River Gambia, April 23, I860. R. B. Sliarpe, Esq. 



(/. Young sk. Sierra Leone (Fraser). R. B. Sliarpe, Esq. 



22. LANIUS. 



lype. 



CoUvrio, Moehring, Av. Gen. p. i'8 (1752) L. excubitor. 



Lanius, Linne, Syst. Nat. i. p. 134 (176GJ L. excubitor. 



Emieoctonus, Boie, Isis, 1826, p. 973 L. collurio. 



CoUurio, Brisson, Ois. ii. p. 151 (1700) L. excubitor. 



Phoneus, Kmip, Entivickl. eiirop. ThienveU, p. 33 



(1829) L. rufus. 



Phoneus, Bonap. C. R. xxxviii. p. 386 (1854) L. bucephalus. 



Fiscus, Bonap. C. R. xxxviii. p. 386 (1854) L. coUaris. 



Leucometopon, Bonap. C. R. xxxviii. p. 386 (1854) . . L. uubicus. 



Otoraela, Bonap. C. R. xxxviii. p. 386 (1854) L. ciistatus. 



Cephalophoueus, Fitzinger, Sitz. K. Akad. Wien, xlvi. 



p. 205 (1864) L. bucephalus. 



Range. Palaearctic, Indian and African Regions in the Old World. 

 Nearctic Region, extending into the northern parts of the Neotro- 

 pical Region. 



Key to tlie Species. 



I. riumar/e black, ichite, and grey. 



A. First primary extremely short, less than one 



third of the second. TaU square, and shorter 



than wing minor, p. 235. 



B. First primary short, more than one third of 



the second. Tail quadrate. 

 a. Lesser wing-coverts entirely grey. 



«'. Some of the secondaries white at the 

 base of both webs, the feathers being 

 more white than black. 

 a" . Tail (5-5 inches) much longer than 



wing (4'7 inches) sphenoccrcus, p. 242. 



