4. CLIMACTEKIS. 333 



/. S ad. sk. Taschkend, Oct. 28 Gould Collection. 



(Severtzow). 

 k. (S ad. sk. Kandaliar, Jan. 30, 1881. Lieut.-Col. Swinhoe 



[P.]. 

 /, m. (S $ ad. sk. Kandahar, Dec. 1880. Lieut.-Col. Swinhoe 



[P.]. 

 n. S ad. sk. Afghanistan {Griffith). Gould Collection, 



o. S ad. sk. Pushut, Nov. 1839 India Museum [P.]. 



{Griffith), 

 p. S ad. sk. Gilgit, Oct. 22, 1879. Dr. J. Scully [P.]. 



q. S ad. sk. Gilgit, 5000 feet, Feb. 24, Major Biddidph [C.l. 



1878. 

 r. $ ad. sk. Kangra. Capt. Stackhouse 



Pinwill [P.]. 

 i«. 5 ad. sk. Kumaon {Capt. Strachey). India Museum [P.]. 



t. S ad. sk. Banks of Ganges near Dr. J. Scully [P.]. 



Rai walla {G. King), 

 u. (S ad. sk. Nepal. B. H. Hodgson, Esq. 



[P.]. (Types of r. 

 svhhenudayan a.) 

 V. $ ad. sk. _ North India. India Museum [P.]. 



IV. c? ad. sk. (moulting). Persia (?). 



4. CLIMACTERIS. ^ 



Climacteris, Temm. Man. d'Orn. p. Ixxxv (1820) .... C. scandens. 

 Rhabdoruis, Reichenh. Handb. spec. Ornith., Scans, i. 



p. 16 (1851) C. mystacalis. 



Bill slightly longer than the rest of the head and slightly curved ; 

 culmen keeled. Nostrils longitudinal, basal, pervious, operculated, 

 free ; without nasal or rictal bristles. First primary about half the 

 length of the second ; tip of wing formed by the third and fourth 

 primaries ; secondaries short, about three fourths of whole wing in 

 length. Tail square, soft, shorter than wing. Tarsus anteriorly 

 covered with one long scutum ; hallux (without claw) long, but 

 shorter than middle toe ; its nail very long. A slight difference 

 of plumage in the sexes. General coloration brown and frequently 

 spotted. 



llanije. Australia, New Guinea, and Philippine Islands. 



Key to the Species. 



a. A fawn-coloured band across the wing. 



a'. All the upper parts uniform brownish black. 



a". Throat black, with wliite lanceolate stripes melanura, p. 334. 



b". Throat dull white, without stripes 7nelanonota, p. 334. 



b'. Above dusky greyish olivaceous; feathers of 

 head rufous, with paler shafts and a blackish 

 margin ; under surface paler and more ashy, 



the belly spotted with ochraceous placens, p. 33-5. 



c'. Mantle olive-brown or red-brown. 



c". Central pair of tail-feathers, lower back, 

 and upper tail-coverts olive-bro^^m. 

 a'". Under surface rusty red, flanks without 



any stripes rtifa, p. 335. 



