THE LAND-LOCKED SALMON. 93 



inch in diameter in the adult, with a pupil a quarter of an 

 inch in diameter. These measurements are much greater 

 than in the sea Salmon of fifteen to twenty pounds weight. 



In the young fish the back is of a bluish olive when just 

 out of water, turning into a silverish steely blue, which changes 

 to silver below the medial line. The belly is pure white. 

 The back is thickly maculated with black oval spots, not ver- 

 niculated as in Trout. On specimens under a half-pound, 

 there are no X-marks on the sides, but seven small, round, 

 bright scarlet spots evenly spaced along the medial line, with 

 an additional one just above the pectoral fin. The dark blue 

 parr-bandings are eight in number, and about three-eighths of 

 an inch wide; the head is deep bluish green, inclining to black; 

 the gill covers silver, with olive and green shading. Upon 

 the operculum are two or three irregular, dusky olive, purple 

 and green patches, and two or three deep black, perfectly 

 circular spots of small size. The throat and branchiostegals 

 are white, shaded with dusky gray, inclining to lead color. 

 There are some blackish spots along the base of the dorsal, 

 but none on the tail. The adipose fin is blackish blue. 



In the fresh-run adult the color runs from deep black on the 

 back, through bluish green on the sides, to silvery green at 

 the medial line, and silvery white below that. When the fish 

 is just out of the water the body-color is very iridescent, show- 

 ing green and purple bronze with a tint of rose. The oval 

 spots on the back are so black and run so closely together as 

 to be hardly distinguishable when the fish has been a short 

 time out of water, but in the living fish, observed underwater 

 in a good light, they show plainly upon the olive ground-color. 

 The head is deep black on top. The ground-color of the gill 

 covers is a deep-green bronze, with patches of dark purple and 

 greenish and blackish bronze on the operculum, which has 

 also three or four circular black spots of varying sizes, and 

 generally one large irregular-shaped black spot on it. The lower 

 jaw and throat, to the gills, are of a leaden gray in fine dots, 



