1^2 KANSAS UNIVERSnV QUARTERLY. 



ratio being vrpd? : 5 others : : 55 : 36; thus StwKw favors Kara and 

 eV/': 17'Kw favors Trpo?: ^i/^^Vkw favors (xtto,- to-rr^/xt favors Kara; 7re'/x7rw favors 

 diro and ck; oreAAw favors airo; eXaww favors Ik: lirofxai favors €7rt; &C. 

 Thus we see that the first movement between the verb and the 

 preposition is in tlie line of the least resistance — cxti'/isio/i and 

 ri'inforcr])i('iit. The nature of a verb can be best appreciated by a 

 stud}' of its favorite prepositions, the nature of a preposition, from 

 its favorite verbs. 



II. Kxoliisioii. 



This preference of a verb for a preposition may be so strong as 

 to drive out all other prepositions, as in the case of dyetpw with 

 o-w, after Homer. In like manner, Kai'w with Kara; ktciVw with a-Ko; <f>6eL- 

 pw with 8ta (with OTTO once in Thuc. ). Chis gives rise to what we 

 may term (\\r/iisio/i. \^erbs which combine with only one prepo- 

 sition may be called exclusives. Exclusives, however, are to be 

 sharply distinguished from uTra^ dprjfxeva., since a single occurrence 

 would not generate sufficient force to produce exclusion. 



III. Usurpation. 



Again the preference of the verb for the preposition may be so 

 marked as to bring about usurpation, or a complete effacement of 

 the simple by the compound. Such usurpations are most notable 

 among exclusives, though cases are not infrequent where the 

 different compounds have acted conjointly in the displacement of 

 the simple. Thus of the first sort are dvotyw/At, dvaAow, ivavTioofxai, 

 KJiOi^oixat, Ka.drjiJ.at, &c. Examples of the latter are: the compounds 

 ot alveu), vo€(D, &C. 



IV. Phraseological RxprcMSion^^. 



This preference for a certain preposition is often due merely to a 

 transferred signification imported by the prepositional element 

 which gives a phraseological resultant. Thus, ^u/x/3atVw. vTrdpx<^, 

 Trapufxt, irape^uy, &c. 



V. Loss of Color of I'reposilioiis. 



Another natural concomitant of this principle of favoritism is 

 the loss of color of the preposition. This has already been 

 incidentally alluded to. This loss of color is most prominent in 

 compounds which are mere reinforcements of the meanings of the 

 simples. Where least needed, the feeling is least. We look for 

 loss of color, therefore, first in extensions, exclusions, and usur- 

 pations. In extensions, the similarity in meaning, which was the 

 basis of the attraction, became the cause of the fading out of the 

 color. What became the life of the compound became the death 



