Figures, Temm. et Schl. Faun. Jap. jsl. lii. Gould, P». Asia, 

 pi. 18. David et Oust. Ois. Chine, pi. 91. 



Chinese. Ou-touug, mid La-Uung. 



English. Japanese Hawfinch. Mashed Hawfinch. Masked Grosbeak. 

 Japanese Grosbeak. 



French. Le Gros-bec du Japon. Le Gros-bec masque. 



German. Der Maskcnkernbeisser. Japanesischer Kernbeisser. 

 Sc.hwarzkopfigcT Kernbeisser. 



Japanese. " Ikaru." 



Habitat. Japan, extending into North, North-western, and Central 

 China. 



Male. Crown of head, lores, base of cheeks, and chin glossy purplish-black ; nape of neck, 

 back, scapulars and rump pale ashy-grey, tinged with pale rufous-brown on tlie rump ; 

 lesser, median, and greater wing-coverts glossy steel-blue, the innermost half of the 

 latter like the scapulars ; secondaries black, broadly edged on the outer webs with 

 steel-blue ; tertials like the back ; bastard-wing, primaries and coverts black ; first 

 feathers black, with a small white spot on the edge of the inner web, an irregular white 

 band across the remainder, diminishing on the outer webs only of the three innermost 

 feathers ; upper tail-coverts and central tail-feathers steel-blue, tipped with black, outer 

 ones black ; ear-coverts, throat, breast and sides like the back, paling towards the black 

 frontal band of face ; axillaries, under wing-coverts, abdomen, thighs and under taU- 

 coverts nearly pure white ; under surface of wings brownish-black ; "iris light hazel"; 

 "bill yellow," base purple tinged with green; feet reddish flesh colour: length 81, 

 wing 4-35, tail 3-25, tars. 0-9, culm. 0-95. 



Female. Similar to male, but without the black crown ; and generally paler ; bill entirely 

 yellow, without the purple base. 



Obser. According to Mr. Gould, the black crown of the male is absent iii the female, but 

 subsequent authors and collectors state that the two sexes are scarcely separable, the 

 purple base to the mandibles being only seasonal. When a black-crowned specimen is 

 marked J , it occurs to me that tiie sex has not been carefully determined. The specimen 

 kindly lent to me by Professor A. Newton from the Cambridge INIuseum has the feathers 

 of the whole of the back, chest and flanks beautifully marked with four or five faint 

 wavy water-lines ; these bars are entirely absent in the three wild birds in my own 

 collection. 



