4d 



disputes with the inshore fishermoa within two miles from shore. 

 As will bo shown elsewhere (s.v. "Associations"), strict rules are 

 laid down to prevent interference of one fishery with another, and 

 most elaborate and careful surveys have been made and maps drawn 

 out to secure observance of the rules and prevent disputes. 



100. Encouragement of Relief and Thrift. — Under the head of 

 " Associations " will be found rules and remarks relating to the relief 

 of distressed fishermen and for the promotion of thrift to which is 

 attached much importance, as also to the promotion of Mutual Credit 

 Associations. 



101. Pecuniary 'EncQuragement. — As stated above, the law for 

 promoting pelagic fisheries bj bounties provides a sum not exceeding 

 Rs. 2,25,000 annually for such purposes ; at present not much above 

 half a lakh is actually granted. Other pecuniary encouragement is 

 given as noted under education, especially in the large provision for 

 the Imperial Fishery Institute which is solely paid for from Imperial 

 funds. But, as is usual in Japan (c/. Agricultural note), the chief 

 expenditure in promoting fisheries is from Prefectural funds, with 

 moderate grants-in-aid from the Imperial treasury . In 1887 the total 

 expenditure from Prefectural treasuries for the promotion of various 

 industries (Agriculture, Sericulture, Fisheries, etc.) was Rs. 2,01-, 870, 

 of which only Rs. 2,296 wore spent on fisheries ; in 1896 the amounts 

 had risen steadily to Rs. 12,39,300 and Rs. 73,^32, and in 1902 to 

 Rs. 49,15,629 and Rs. 5,40,06 1, respectively, so that the proportion 

 allotted to fisheries rose from one-ninetieth to one -seventeenth and 

 then to one-ninth. By far the largest part of the fishery expendi- 

 ture was devoted to the Fishing Experimental Stations (including 

 schools attached to them), viz., in 1902 Rs. 4,20,265 or seven-ninths, 

 of the total ; of this amount Rs. 64,900 or slightly over one-seventh, 

 were contributed from Imperial funds ; in 1905-190^ the prefectural 

 expenditure on fishery matters was Rs. 7,79,776, out of which 

 Rs. 5,85,420 were spent on 29 Experimental Stations ; the budget for 

 the current year has risen to Rs. 8,27,371. The above expenditure 

 includes not only that on experiment, investigation, and teaching, but 

 also grants-in-aid to fishermen and fishery associations to assist in 

 carrying out improvements, e.g., grants-in-aid to Fishery societies or 

 associations, to pelagic fishermen, to the purchase or making of better 

 nets^ boats, implements and gear, to students, etc. 



102. The aid given to fishing associations engaged in useful new 

 work is sometimes considerable and by the rules of one district may 

 amount to one-third of the cost ; the matters chiefly aided are pelagic 

 fishery and the searching out of new fishing gi-ounds ; e.g., Chiba gave 

 Rs. 5,400 in a single year to 2 companies for deep-sea fishing ; Miye 

 gave Ks. 1,600 towards the expense of an improved fur-sealing boat j 



