LINXEAN SOCIETT OF LONDON'. 43 



said his object was to incubate ova so as to produce the largest 

 possible number ot healthy and satisfactory fish, and not merely 

 to hatch the largest possible number of eggs in a given space. 



lu 1S81 he published a pamphlet on ' Stocking Waters, 

 Formation of Redds,' &c., and an Essay on the Salmon disease. 



Sir James Maitland obtained a gold and a silver medal for fish- 

 culture at the Edinburgh Eisheries Exhibition of 1882, and a 

 gold medal from the Societe d'Acclimatation, Paris. In the 

 following year he obtained several awards at the International 

 Eisiieries Exhibition in Loudou, and he read a paper at a con- 

 ference at that exhibition, which was published under the title 

 ' On the Culture of Siilmouidse and the. Acclimatization of Pish.' 



Sir James devoted much attention to the transport of both 

 ova aud live fish, and attained great success. In 1881 he 

 interested himself in the transport of salmon and trout ova to 

 the Antipodes, and in December of that year he despatched a 

 consignment to New Zealand. It was not successful ; but after 

 one or two other attempts success was achieved, aud the problem 

 once solved, he found very little difficulty in sending live ova to 

 that or any other jtart of the world. The Government of New 

 Zealaud presented him with a pair of silver vases in recognition 

 of his services. 



The ponds at Howietoun are admirably adapted for ex- 

 periments in hybridization, and Sir James obtained many 

 results of great interest, which have been to some extent 

 described in papers and in his ' British Salmonidse ' by the late 

 Dr. F. Day, who first visited the Howietoun establishment ia 

 1S82 and took great interest in it till his death. The cross 

 between the Lochleven trout and the American charr (S. fonti- 

 nalis) has turned out a beautiful fish, and has been used to some 

 extent for stocking waters. 



Tlie question ot breeding from salmon that were not allowed 

 to visit the sea also aroused Sir James's interest, and a paper on 

 one of his salmon by Dr. Day is published in the Linnean Soc. 

 Transactions, Ser. II. ii. (1885) pp. 4J<7-468, tt. 53, 51. 



One of the salmon, from ova obtained from the Eoith District 

 Board in December 1880, and reared in the Howietoun j)onds, 

 spawned three seasons, and was found in the first week of 

 November 1888 to be clean. It weighed just under three 

 pounds, and was very silvery, with about 30 jet-black star-like 

 spots. The flesli cut pink, and the flavour was like that of a fish 

 a week in fresh water. The smolts and grilse bred from these 

 fish grew more rapidly than the parents. 



In 1887 Maitland published the first part of ' The History of 

 Howietoun.' The volume contains tlie history of the Fishery 

 from its commencement in 1873 to the middle of the year 1879, 

 and it was intended that a second volume should complete 

 the story up to 1887. A part of this was written and some 

 illustrations were prepared for it, but it has not been completed. 

 A fourth edition of his pamphlet on stockiug rivers with 



