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XVI. 



NOTES ON BERKHAMSTED CASTLE. 



By Duncan Montgomerie. 



Read at Berhhamsted, 1th. July, 1906. 



(Communicated by Edward Mawley, V.M.H., etc.) 



(PLATES VIII AND IX.) 



The first detailed description of tliis Castle was that made by 



the late Mr. Gr. T. Clark and incorporated into Cobb's ' History 



of Berkhamsted,' but the plan given is an inaccurate one and 



some of the conclusions at which Mr. Clark arrived have been 



found to be incon'ect. 



Fig. 5. — Berhhatmted Castle and part of the Town. 

 Scale : 6 inches to the mile. 



The earthworks of the Castle represent the original !N'orman 

 fortress founded by William the Conqueror, and the original 

 appellation of a " burh " has been proved to be fallacious. 

 A Saxon "burh," or "burg," was always a fortified town, 

 whereas the moated mound of Berkhamsted, in common with 

 similar ones at Hertford, Bishop's Stortf ord, Anstey, Bennington, 

 and Pirt-on, are of the type of castle introduced by the Normans 

 into England and known as " mottes," or from their shape, as 

 " moimt and bailey castles." 



