Geological Papers. gj 



lents north and south. We are now able to say that they have 

 a sufficient existence to warrant a separate name. 



KiCKAPoo Limestone."— The name Kickapoo limestone is 

 here used to designate a thin limestone found entirely across 

 the state, from the state line in Chautauqua county northward 

 to Doniphan county beyond Atchison. It is not very important 

 except at the northern outcrop, and had been overlooked in a 

 measure in our earlier field-work. On account of its persist- 

 ence, however, throughout a distance of 200 miles, its impor- 

 tance is readily recognized. It is the Willow Creek limestone 

 described by Schrader" in his description of the Independence 

 quadrangle area. 



Lawrence Shales."— The Lawrence shales are so named by 

 Haworth on accou-nt of the good exposure at the city of Law- 

 rence, and to the south of that place. 



Oread Limestone."— The name Oread limestone, given by 

 Haworth, is used for the limestone just above the Lawrence 

 shales. The name was given on account of the limestone cap- 

 ping the hill known as Mount Oread, on which the University 

 of Kansas stands, and has been continuously used by this Sur- 

 vey since its introduction. There are three members of this 

 limestone, which, for detailed description, should be separated, 

 but physiographically they appear as one, capping the promi- 

 nent escarpment stretching entirely across the state. 



SHAWNEE stage." 



The Shawnee stage is divided into eight subdivisions, 

 namely, Kanwaka shales, Lecompton limestone, Tecumseh 

 shales, Deer Creek limestone, Calhoun shales, Topeka lime- 

 stone, Severy shales, Howard limestone. 



Kanwaka Shales."— These shales are so named by Adams, 

 and they occupy the interval between the Oread and Lecomp- 

 ton limestones. They were named for a township in Douglas 

 county, where they have an outcrop. 



^ Lecompton Limestones."— This name was given to these 

 limestones by Bennett. They are named from the town which 



41. Bennett, Rev. John, Kan. Univ. Geol. Surv., vol. I, p. 61, Lawrence, 1896. 

 ingttn l!^!^®""' ^^- ^- ^■' ^ Haworth, Prof. E., U.' S. G. S. Bull. 296, p. 12, Wash- 



43. Haworth, Prof. E., Kan. Univ. Geol. Surv., vol. I, p. 136, Lawrence, 1896. 



44. Haworth, Prof. E., Kan. Univ. Quart., vol. II, p. 123, Lawrence, 1894. 



45. Haworth, Prof. E., Kan. Univ. Geol. Surv., vol. Ill, p. 93, Lawrence, 1898. 



46. Adams, Dr. Geo. I., U. S. G. S. Bull. 211, p. 45, Washington, 1903. 



47. Bennett, Rev. John, Kan. Univ. Geol. Surv., vol. I, p. 116, Lawrence, 1896. 



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