222 Kansas Academy of Science. 



as on the surface and no indication was found to suggest 

 that a solid wall had ever been made of them. 



So far as could be ascertained, these mounds were not ar- 

 ranged in the field in any regular order ; but there are certain 

 characteristics common to all which are extremely interesting. 

 The state of the remains prevents an exact measurement of 

 the stone outlines, but in general their dimensions are in an 

 even number of feet. With one exception they all face due 

 east and west, with the greatest length in this direction. In- 

 strumental determination found the walls of one to be at exact 

 right angles and appearance indicates this to be true of all of 

 them. In most of them the width of the outline is to the 

 length as three is to four. They all appear to have had an 

 opening in the center of their east wall. From this last fact 

 some have referred this work to sun-worshipers of remote 

 antiquity. The mounds may all be seen from a high butte 

 marked in the map, and this contains remains to be described 

 later. All excavations have yielded remains of human bones, 

 flint chips, pottery and charcoal. The finding of the latter 

 has suggested to some the idea that the stone remains were 

 covered with wooden structures which were all burned. The 

 finding of the human bones impresses some with the belief 

 that the inhabitants were all massacred. The discovery of a 

 broken arrow-head in one of the bones, and the position in 

 which the imperfect remains of a skeleton were found, has 

 strengthened this belief. Over the entire field are scattered 

 flint chips and small pieces of mussel-shells. A number of 

 fragments of pottery and some mutat stones — mills used for 

 grinding corn — have also been found on the field. 



By reference to the map the location of the different 

 mounds, and their position with respect to one another and 

 to the surrounding territory, may be ascertained. A detailed 

 description of each one will be given in the order in which it 

 is numbered on the map. 



Mound No. 1 has, with the exception of the temple, been of 

 more interest than any other. More excavation was made 

 here and more remains uncovered. It was here that the most 

 perfect skeleton was found. A large mutat stone, a quantity 

 of pottery, and other materials such as this, were discovered 

 in this mound. The space enclosed by the stone remains meas- 

 ures 38 x 28 feet. It was on this one that the instrumental 

 measurements were made which resulted in determining the 



