MOIil'JlOI.OdV OF Till- BK.\I\ J\ Till-: .M A.M.MA LIA. 1.17 



trails superiov, da sie bei den lioclistcn ArlcMi dvv llalh.-iffcn Ljenau wie bei don waliren 

 Afleii zwisclien Sulcus frontalis (princi2)alis) und Sulcus centralis yelegen ist " *. 



It will lie seen, thercFore, that there is little semblance of agreement with reaard to 

 the central sulcus in the three most recent memoirs on tiie Frosimian l)rain. 



There is no necessity to ag-iin review all the data atForded by a study of the genera 

 Leiiiur, Niicticchits, Ferodicticns, I'roplthccnH, and ChiromijH. It is sufficient to recall 

 that a very pronounced tendency is exhibited in these varied forms for the small 

 sulcus/ to fuse Avith the caudal extremity (/') of the coronal sulcus, with the resulting- 

 formation of a areat transverse sulcus, wliich can be nothing- else than the central 

 sulcus of the Primates. 



Ox iiiK Ai-i-iNiTiKs OF Tin: Le.wi'i;s. 



It does not come within the scope of this work to consider in all its hearings the 

 vexed question of the relationships of tli(> Lemuroidea. It would, indeed, be presump- 

 tuous to attempt such a diOicuit task, whi(di has balllcxl many zoologists with the best 

 equipment for performing it. All that I am concerned with at present is the setting 

 I'ortli of such evidence as the brain affords, and the determination of its value as an 

 index of the aflinity of its possessor to other manimals. 



The greatest divei-geuce of opinion exists among zoologists as to the relative closeness 

 of the bonds w hich link the Lemurs and the Apes. 



Many writers, such as Gervais and Alilne-Ed wards, have relegated the former to an 

 Order quite distinct and separate from the Apes ; and Plower virtually, though iu)t 

 nominally, subscribes to the same opinion, for he retains the Lemurs among the Primates 

 chiefly in deference to "the traditional views of zoologists." On the othei- hand, 

 Linuteus, Lesson, Iluxley, Broca, and Mivart assign them a subordinate rank in the 

 I'rimates. Nevertheless ^livait, who is generally quoted as a champion of this view, has 

 stated " that ihe ditfereuces between the apes and lemurs are so many and so great, 

 that it cannot be considered otherwise than in the highest degree improbable that dm 

 the evolutionary hypothesis) they took origin from any cominon rcjot-form that was not 

 equally the progenitor of other mammalian Orders "f. So that ]\livart also virtually 

 places himself in the ranks of those who favour a separate ordinal rank for the Lenuirs. 



Dr. Forsyth Major's careful studies of the skeleton and teeth of the recent Lemurs, 

 and of an interesting series of extinct Lemuroids, within the past few years, have uttei'ly 

 stultified ITower's statement that "as a more complete knowledge of their organization 

 has been gradually attained, the interval which separates them structurally from the 

 monkeys has become gradually more evident." Forsyth Major's conclusion is so 

 diametrically opposed to Flower's teaching that, to quote his own words, his "position .... 

 w ill have to be expressed in classification by giving up the two sepjiratc suborders of 

 Primates, thus going one step further than Mivart "" %. 



* Flutau and .Tac-nb.si.liii. • IlaiKlbiirli,' ji. 178. t Arliclo •' Ape," F]iicyc,lop;r(liu lirilaiiiiira. 



X •• Suiimniry ol I'lcsuul l\iiuwli-'d<;e of Fxtiiitt I'liiiudc* from Madiigascar," Goologicul Maga/.iiic. n. .s., Uccado 4, 

 vol. vii. Xuvimlioi- I'JuU, \i\>. VM-AM). 



60* 



