1. AMPELIS. 213 



Parus bombycilla, Pall. Zoogr. Mosso-Asiat. i. p. 548 (1811). 

 Bombyciphora poliocoelia, Meyer, Vog. Liv- u. Esthl. p. 104 (1815). 

 Bonibj'civora garrula, Temm. 3Ian. d'Orn. p. 77 (181o) ; Werner, 



Atlas, Insectiv. pi. 13 (1827) ; Gould, B. Eur. iii. pi. 160 (18.37). 

 Bombycilla bohemica, Leach, Si/st. Cat. Mamm. etc. Brit. Mas. 



p. 18 (1816) ; Bre/tm, Vog. De'utschl. p. 219 (1831). 

 Bombycilla garrula, Vieill. N. Diet. (VHist. Nat. xvi. p. 523, pi. 10. 



fig-. 3 (1817) ; Nauru. Vog. Deidschl. ii. pi. 59 (1822) ; Bih Amer. 



Orn. iii. p. 7, pi. 16. fig. 2 (1828) ; Swains. Sf Richards. Faun. Bor.- 



Amer. Birds, ii. p. 237 (1831) ; Bp. Comp. List B. Eur. S,- N. Amer. 



p. 9 (1838) ; Audub. B. Amer. pi. 245 ; id. Orn. Biogr. v. p. 462 



(1838) ; Keys. Sf Bias. Wirbelth. Eur. p. 167 (1840) ; Macgill. Brit. 



B. iii. p. 533 (1840) ; Auduh. B. Amer. iv. p. 165, pi. 245 (1842) ; 



Yarr. Brit. B. i. p. 356 (1843) ; Giraud, B. Long Isl. p. 165 (1844) ; 



Cab. Mus. Hein, Th. i. p. 55 (1850) ; Middend. Sibir. Eeis. p. 156 



(1851) ; Nemvied, J. f. 0. 1858, p. 189 ; Nordm. t. c. p. 307 ; Fritsch, 



Vog. Eur. pi. 27. fig's. 4, 5 (c. 1870) ; Seebohm, Ibis, 1882, p. 219. 

 Bombycilla brachj'rhynchus, Brehm, Naum. 1855, p. 275. 

 Bombycilla caerulea, Dubois, Rev. et Mag. de Zool. xii. pi. 2 (1860, 



err. fypogr.). 



Adult male in breedvnr/^jlumage. General colour above drab- 

 brown, gradually becoming greyer on the rump and changing to 

 pure grey on the upper tail-coverts ; wing-coverts like the back, 

 with grey bases to the feathers, showing distinctly on the greater 

 series ; bastard-wing like the wing-coverts ; primary-coverts black, 

 conspicuously tipped with white ; quills black, the feathers some- 

 what quadrate at the ends, yeUow near the end of the oiiter web 

 and broadly edged with white at the tip ; secondaries grey, white 

 at the ends with a subterminal shade of blackish, the white-tipped 

 feathers having each a wax-like red tip ; innermost secondaries 

 browner like the rump ; tail-feathers grey, with a broad subterminal 

 baud of black broadly tipped with yellow, with a tiny shaft-mark 

 of red near the tip ; head and a large crest di'ab-brown like the 

 back ; the fore part of the crown and above the eyes chestnut ; base 

 of forehead, lores, and feathers round the eye black, extending a little 

 way behind and above the eye towards the nape : sides of face 

 and ear-coverts pale rufous-drab, the hinder cheeks a little more 

 chestnut ; fore part of cheeks white, forming a spot ; above the ear- 

 coverts a narrow line of white, including the hinder part of the lower 

 eyelid ; throat black ; remainder of under surface of body from the 

 lower throat downwards light drab, getting gradually greyer in the 

 centre of the breast and abdomen, and inclining to yellowish white 

 towards the vent ; on the sides of the body some long silky white 

 plumes ; under tail-coverts deep chestnut ; thighs ashy grey ; under 

 wing-coverts pale ashy grey, slightly washed with drab-brown ; 

 quills dusky below, ashy grey along the inner web. . Total length 

 7'25 inches, culmen 0"G, wing 4'G, tail 2-55, tarsus 0'75. 



The number of the red tips to the secondaries seems to vary, the 

 two wings not always having the same quantity of feathers tipped 

 with wax-drops : thus one fine male in the Museum has seven on 

 one wing and only five on the other. The acquisition of the red 

 tips to the tail-feathers seems to be a sign of fully adult birds only. 



