6. PARULA. 257 



Parula americaua, Bp. Comj). List B. Eur. ^- N. Ama: p. 20 (1838) 

 Goose, B. Jamaica, p. 154 (1847) ; B}}. Cons}}, i. p. 310 (1850) 

 Baird, B. N. Amer. p. 238 (1858) ; Sd. ^- Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 10 

 A. 4- JE. Newt. t. c. p. 143 ; Cass. Proc. Philad. Acad. 1860, p. 376 

 Sd. P. Z. S. 1861, p. 70; Gimdl. J. f. O. 1861, p. 326; Sd. Cat 

 Amer. B. p. 26 (1862) ; March, Proc. Philad. Acad. 1863, p. 293 

 Baird, Revieic Amer. B. p. 169 (1865) ; Dresser, Ibis, 1865, 

 p. 476; La^vr. An». Lye. K Y. viii. p. 283 (1866), ix. p. 200 

 (1869) ; Sumichr. Mem. Bost. Sac. iV. H. i. p. 546 (1869) ; Alle7i, 

 Bull. Mus. Camp. Zool. Cambr. ii. p. 267 (1871), iii. pp. 124, 

 175 (1872) ; Coues, Key. N. Amer. B. p. 93 (1872) ; Gimdl. J. f. 

 O. 1872, p. 411 ; Sd. ^- Salv. Nomend. Av. Kedr. p. 8 (1873) ; 

 Coues, B. N.- West, p. 46 (1874) ; Baird, Brewer, (§• Ridgic. Hist. 

 N. Amer. B. i. p. 48, pi. 10. fig. 7 (1874) ; Newt. B. Greenl. p. 98 

 (1875) ; Laicr. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 4, p. 15 (1876) ; Gundl. 

 Orn. Cuba, p. .62 (1876); Coues, B. Color. Vail. p. 208 (1878) ; 

 Sennett, Bull. U.S. Geol. Surv. iv. p. 11 (1878) ; Merrill, Proc. U.S. 

 Nat. Mus. i. p. 123 (1878) ; Co>-y, B. Bahamas, p. 55 (1880) ; 

 Salv. ^- Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 119 (1880); Ridgw. 

 Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 21, p. 16 (1881) ; A. ^- E. Newt. Handb. 

 Jamaica, p. 105 (1881) ; Coues, Check-list, p. 34(1882) ; Cory, B. 

 S. Domingo, p. 24 (1884) ; Coues, Key N. Amer. B. 2nd ed. p. 290 

 (1884). 



Mniotilta americana. Gray, Ge)i. B. i. p. 196 (1848) ; Reinh. Ibis, 

 1861, p. 6 ; Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 238, no. 3448 (1869). 



Compsotlilypis americana, Cab. Mus. Hein. Th. i. p. 20 (1850) ; Gundl, 

 J.f. O. 1855, p. 476; Stejn. Auk, 1884, p. 170. 



Adult male. General colour above clear slaty blue, the upper 

 back bronzy olive-yellow ; scapulars and lesser wing-coverts like 

 the back ; median series bluish white at the ends, forming a wing- 

 band ; greater coverts blackish, externally slaty blue and tipped 

 with white, forming a second wing-band ; bastard-wing feathers 

 black, narrowly fringed with slaty blue ; primary-coverts and quills 

 blackish, margined with slaty blue, broader on the secondaries, 

 which have also a slight tinge of olive ; centre tail-feathers slaty 

 blue with blackish centres, the remainder blackish, fringed with 

 white on the end of their inner webs, the two outer ones with a 

 large subterminal spot of white on the inner web ; crown of head 

 and hind neck slaty blue ; loral region, feathers round and below 

 the eye, as well as the fore part of the cheeks, blackish ; below the 

 eye a white spot : remainder of cheeks, ear-coverts, and sides of 

 neck slaty blue ; throat golden yellow, the feathers with black 

 bases, as they approach a black spot on the lower throat, the 

 feathers of which are edged with golden yellow ; below the black 

 a conspicuous patch of orange-rufous, succeeded bj' a yellow breast- 

 patch ; the slaty blue of the sides of the neck descending on to the 

 sides of the upper breast ; lower breast and abdomen white, 

 washed with slaty blue on the flanks ; on each side of the lower 

 breast a patch of delicate vinaccous brown ; thighs ashy, edged 

 with white ; rmder tail-coverts white ; axillaries and luider wing- 

 coverts white ; quills dusky below, white along the edge of the 

 inner web : " bill brownish black above, yellow beneath ; feet and 



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