326 MNIOTILTIDJB. 



of ej'elid black, except the lower edge of the latter, which is white, 

 like the sides of face, cheeks, aud ear-coverts ; throat and under 

 surface of body white, with a broad line of black down the sides of 

 tho throat, widening on the lower throat, the sides of the neck and 

 of the fore neck being thickly mottled with black streaks ; entire sides 

 of the body broadly streaked with black, the lower flanks washed 

 with brown ; thighs and under tail-coverts white ; axillaries and 

 under wing-coverts white, the edge of the wing wash^sd with olive- 

 yellow ; quills duskj' brown below, ashy along the edge of the inner 

 web. Total length 5 inches, culmen 0-5, wing 2-8, tail 2-1, tarsus 0-7. 



Adult female. Pipit-like, and different from the male. General 

 colour above olive-greenish, streaked with black centres to the 

 feathers ; the head like the back ; the hind neck more ashy, and the 

 lower rump aud upper tail-coverts inclining to ashy : lesser wing- 

 coverts like the back ; the median and greater series blackish, edged 

 with olive, the white tips to the coverts forming the double wing- 

 bar, slightly washed with olive; bastard -wing, primary-coverts, and 

 qiuUs blackish, edged with olive, the former obsoletely, the latter 

 more distinctly, the inner secondaries with broader whitish margins ; 

 tail-feathers brown, edged with olive, the two outer ones with an 

 ovate white spot near the end of the inner web ; lores and eyelid 

 pale olive-yellowish ; cheeks and ear-coverts dull white, with a 

 slight yellowish tinge, the latter mottled with small blackish spots ; 

 under surface of body dull white, washed with olive-yellow ; the 

 sides of the throat spotted with black, the sides of the breast and 

 flanks narrowly streaked with black ; the latter strongly washed with 

 olive ; axillaries and under wing-coverts ashy white, washed with 

 olive ; quills dusky, ashy whitish along the edge of the inner web. 

 Total length 4"8 inches, culmen 0-45, wing 2-6.5, tail 1-8.5, tarsusO-75. 



Young male in autumn pluma<ie. Similar to the adult female, 

 but yellowish olive above and not so green ; the eyebrow more 

 distinctly olive-yellow, as also the throat, breast, and flanks, much 

 brighter than in the adult female ; abdomen and under tail-coverts 

 pure white ; on the sides of the body some dusky streaks ; the 

 white wiug-bars very distinct, the quills narrowly but distinctly 

 tipped with white. 



This last character appears to be a constant and conspicuous mark 

 of immaturity. The birds begin to moult as early as the 1st of 

 November, as is proved by a specimen in the Salvin-and-Godman 

 collection from Eoraima (H. Whitely). 



" The still earlier plumage of the bird when just from the nest is 

 different again ; for this species, like many other Si/lvicolidce, 

 I'urdidce, &c., has at first a transient streaky or speckled plumage. 

 In this condition, the upper parts are greyish, the lower white, the 

 whole body marked with blackish in the form of a terminal spot or 

 bar on each feather." ( Cones.) 



Bab. North America, excepting the western and most of the 

 middle province ; north to the Arctic Ocean and Greenland ; north- 

 west to Alaska in the Yukon Region, west to Nebraska and Colorado. 

 Cuba; Bahamas (Cones). Winters in South America, Guiana, 

 Amazonia, Colombia, extending even to Chili. 



