504 MOTACILLID^. 



p. 132; Eume, Ibis, 1870, p. 142; Wald. t. c. p. 293; Swmh. 

 P. Z. S. 1871, p. 364 ; Hicme, Ihis, 1871, p. 34; Brooks, J. A. S. 

 Benr/. xli. p. 82 (1872); Severtz. Turkest. Jei-otn. pp. 67, 139 

 (1873); Ball, Sir. F. 1873, p. 73; Hume, t. c. p. 202; Adam, t. c. 

 p. 384 ; mime, Str. F. 1874, p. 239 ; Stoliczka, t. c. p. 464 ; Ball, 

 Sir. F. 1875, p. 293 ; Sculli/, Str. F. 1876, p. 151 ; Seebokm S,- 

 Hnrvie-Broicn, Ibis, 1876, p. 123 ; Blanf. Fast. Pers. ii. p. 235 



(1876) ; Prjev. in Roivley's Ch-n. 3Iisc. ii. p. 193 (1870) ; Taczan. 

 Bull. Soc. 'Zuol. France, i. p. 151 (1876) ; Sume, Str. F. 1877, 

 p. 37 ; Butler, t. c. pp. 210, 230 ; David ^- Oust. Ois. Chine, p. 304 



(1877) ; Brooks, Ibis, 1877, p. 208 ; Davids. ^- B^end. Str. F. 1878, 

 vol. ii. p. 84 ; Bail, t. c. p. 219 ; C/-J)jps, t. c. p. 287 ; Hume, Str. 

 F. 1879, p. 103 ; Butler, Cat. B. Sind 8fC. p. 41 (1879) ; id. Cat. 

 B. S. Bomb. Pres. p. 55 (1880) ; Biddulph, Ibis, 1881, p. 69 ; Scully, 

 i. c. p. 452; Davids. Str. F. 1882, p. 313; Swinh. Ibis, 1882, 

 p. 110 ; BiddulpK t. c. p. 280 ; Davisoti, Str. F. 1883, p. 396 ; 

 Severtz. Ibis, 1883, p. 80 ; Radde, Orn. Cauc. p. 219 (1884). 



Budytes calcarata, Hodgs. Asiatic Research, xix. p. 190 (1836). 



Young male. General colour above earthy brown, the feathers 

 with ashy-grey bases and a subterminal shade of black ; the head 

 hke the back, with a distinct line of black along the side of the 

 head ; lesser wing-coverts like the back ; median and greater coverts 

 blackish, edged with earthy brown and broadly tipped with yellovdsh 

 white ; bastard-wing blackish ; primary-coverts and quills blackish 

 brown, edged with earthy or olive-brown, the inner secondaries 

 more broadly margined with pale olive-yellowish : tail-feathers 

 blackish brown, edged with olive, the two outer ones white for 

 the most part, with an oblique mark of blackish brown along the 

 inner web ; over the eye a tolerably broad eyebrow of brownish 

 white ; lores, feathers below the eye, and ear-coverts dark earthy 

 brown ; cheeks brownish white, separated from the throat by a broad 

 moustachial line of black ; throat brownish white ; remainder of 

 under surface of body pale yellowish white, more sandy on the 

 thighs and under tail-coverts, the throat spotted with black on the 

 lower parts and sides, these spots descending down the centre of the 

 fore neck ; axillaries ashy, tipped with yellowish white ; under wing- 

 coverts whitish ; qixills dusky below, whitish towards the base of 

 the inner web. 



From this dress the young bird moults into its first winter 

 plumage, which is more like that of the old females. 



Tounrj male in Jir.st tuinter ■plumage. General colour above dull 

 olive-brown, rather clearer on the head, the lower back and rump 

 dark ashy grey ; upper tail-coverts blackish, edged with ashy, the 

 lateral ones externally white ; lesser wing-coverts ashy grey ; 

 median and greater coverts blackish, edged with ashy and broadly 

 tipped with white, somewhat shaded Avith brown on the inner ones ; 

 bastard-wing black ; primary-coverts blackish, edged with ashy grey; 

 quiUs blackish brown, edged with hoary white, more distinct on the 

 secondaries, where the margins are broader, the inner secondaries 

 broadly margined with ashy brown ; tail-feathers black, the two 

 centre ones with hoary margins, the outer ones pure white, with 



