586 MOTACILLTD^. 



Hume, Str. F. 1874, pp. 239, 479 ; Lilford, Ibis, 1875, p. 21 ; 



Cordeaitx, t. c. p. 181 ; Danf. Sf Harvie Bmvn, t. c. p. 310 ; 



Stoliczka, Sir. F. 1875, p. 310"; Blyth ^ Walden, B. Burin, p. 96 



(1875); Seebohn H) Harvie Brown, Ibis, 1870, p. 122; Dresser, 



t. c. p. 180; Brooks, t. c. p. 500 ; Tacz. Bull. Soc. Zool. France, i. 



p. 159 (1876) ; David Sf Oust. Ois. Chine, p. 306 (1877) ; Finsch, 



Ibis, 1877, p. 59 ; Hume ■S)- Davison, Str. F. 1878, p. 367 ; Danf. 



Ibis, 1878, p. 20 ; Seebohn, t. c. p. 342, 1879, p. 34 ; Giitke, t. c. 



p. 103 ; Finsch, Verh.z.-b. Gesellsch. Wien, 1879, p. 60 ; Hume, Str. 



F. 1879, p. 103 : Seebohn, Ibis, 1880, p. 18S ; Biddtdph, t. c. p. 70 ; 



Giglioli, Ibis, 1881, p. 300; Ridcjw. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mm. vi. 



p. '156 (1881) ; Belding, t. c. p. 350 ; Seebohn, Ibis, 1882, p. 216 ; 



Biddulph, t. c. p. 280 ; Seebohm, t. c. p. 376 ; B. O. U. List Brit. 



B. p. 32 (1883); Seebohn, Hist. Brit. B. ii. p. 229 (1883); 



Dyboivski, Btdl. Soc. Zool. France, viii. p. 361 (1883) ; Ilomeyer ^ 



Tancre, 3IT. am. Ver. Wien, 1883, p. 86 ; Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1884, 



p. 206 ; Tristr. Faun. 8f Flor. Palest, p. 55 (1884) ; Badde, Orn. 



Catic. p. 219 (1884). 

 Anthus cecilii, Audouin, Descr. Eqypte, p. 360, pi. 5. fif^. 6 (1828) ; 



Blanf. Geol. Sf Zool. Abyss, p. .382 (1870). 

 Anthus pratensis nubicus, Hempr. Sf Eh. Synib. PJiys. fol. dd (1828). 

 Anthus rufog'ularis, Brehn, Vdq. Deutschl. p. 340 (1831) ; Gould, 



B. Fur. ii. pi. 140 (1837) ; Bj). Comp. List B. Eur. if- iV. AtJier. 



p. 18 (1838) ; Middend. Sibir. Reis. p. 104 (1851) ; Licht.Nomencl. 



Av. p. 38 (1854); Adams, Ibis, 1804, p. 20; Tristr. Ibis, 1871, 



p. 233 ; Hanf, Verh. z.-b. Gesellsch Wien, xxii. p. 400 (1873) ; Tacz. 



Bull. Soc. Zool. France, i. p. 159 (1876). 

 Anthus pratensis {nee L.), Eversm. Add. Pall. Zoogr. p. 15 (1835) ; 



Nordm. in Demid. Voy. Buss. Me'rid. iii. p. 159 (1840) ; Finsch, 



Trails. Z. S. vii. p. 239 (1870); Nelson, Cruise E.S. 'Vorwin,' 



p. 02 (1883). 

 Anthus pratensis rufogulavis, Schl. Rev. Crit. p. xxxvi (1840) ; Gould, 



P. Z. S. 1859, p. 151; Blyth, Ibis, 1807, p. 31. 

 Anthus rufosuperciliaris, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. 1860, p. 105. 

 Anthus thermophilus, Sivinh. Ibis, 1800, pp. 55, 429, 1801, pp. 30, 



411. 

 Anthus iaponicus, Swinh. Ibis, 1861, p. 333, 1863, p. 443. 

 Anthus ruficollis, Hetigl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. i. p. 323 (1809). 

 Anthus cervinus, var. rufog'ularis, Severtz. Turkest. Jevotn. pp. 67. 



140 (1873). 



Hind claiv rather straight and loug, about equal to hind toe. 

 Tarsvs about equal to hind toe and claw combined, or even a trifle 

 longer when the claw is worn. Primaries subequal, 1, 2, 3, 4 ; 

 first a little the longest, and the others gradually a trifle shorter. 

 Primaries emarrjhiate, 2, 3, 4 : fifth primary much shorter than 

 fourth, and much less than long secondaries, which are nearly equal 

 to long primaries. 



Adult male in hreeding-^'tlnmage. General colour above sandy 

 brown, with blackish centres to the feathers, narrower on the head, 

 and equally distinct on the? lower back and rump ; the mantle with 

 paler and more sandy-buff edgings ; lesser wing-coverts sandy buff 

 with black centimes ; median wing-coverts black, with broad edgings 

 of sandy buff" or creamy white : greater wing-coverts blackish brown, 

 with paler-brown edges, inclining to buffy whitish at the ends ; 



