12. MELANKRPES, 171 



iii. p. 189, no. 372 (1880); Rkl()w. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 1881, 

 p. 99; Coitcs, Check-lid, 1882, no. 450; id. EeyN.Amer. B. 1884, 

 p. 488 ; Dreiv, Auk, 1885, p. 17 ; Agershovg, torn. cit. p. 283. 

 ^ Zebrapicus carolinus, Malh. N. Classif., Mem. Acad. Metz, 1848-49, 

 p. 361 ; id. Picidce, ii. p. 234, pL ciii. tigs. 7 c? ad., 8 $ ad. 

 (1862). 

 Melanerpes carolinus, Ridgw. Ann. Lye. N. Y. 1874, p. 378; A. O, 

 U. Check-list N. Aiiier. B. p. 217, no. 409 (1886) ; Ridgw. Man. 

 N. Anier. B. p. 293 (1887) ; Warren, B. Penn. p. 135 (1888). 



Adult male. Back and scapulars, also the Aving-covcrts, barred 

 black and pure white ; rump and upper tail-coverts white, the 

 former varied with V-shaped markings of black, the latter nearly 

 uniform ; quills black, the ]>rimnries having the base of the inner 

 web white partially barred with black, the outer webs at the base 

 spotted with white ; secondaries spotted upon both webs, and the 

 innermost barred across with white, the tips of the quills white, 

 and the shafts black ; tail black, the inner webs of the central pair 

 of feathers barred with white, the outer web longitudinally striped 

 at the base with white, the two outer large feathers on either side 

 tipped and transversely spotted with white on more or less of the 

 apical portion : shafts black ; nasal plumes huffy drab washed with 

 red ; top of the head, occiput, and nape bright red ; face, neck, and 

 the whole of the under surface of the body drab-grey, whiter on 

 the chin and throat, the anterior part of the face, the chest, and tlie 

 abdomen more or less tinged with red, below the chest being also 

 delicately tinged with yellow, the thighs barred and spotted with 

 black; under tail-coverts white, with stripes and varied markings 

 of black ; under wing-coverts white, transversely spotted with 

 black, axillaries smoky white. Total length 9 inches, culmen I'^o, 

 wing 5-25, tail 3'3, tarsus 0'9 ; toes (without claws) — outer anteiior 

 0-6, outer posterior 0'65, inner anterior 0-46, inner posterior U"32. 



Adult female. Has the crown pale ashy grey anteriorly, leaden grey 

 posteriorly, the occiput and nape red as in the male, which it also 

 in other respects resembles. Total length 9 inches, culmen 1-22, 

 wing 5-35, tail 3'38, tarsus 0"9. 



Voung male. Differs from the adult male in having the under- 

 parts covered with almost obsolete dusky striations ; the forehead 

 and crown dusky brown with drab transverse markings, and with 

 a faint tinge of red on some of the feathers ; the occiput and nape 

 drabby brown with faint dusky bars, and very slightly tinged with 

 red ; the abdomen with a yellowish or pinkish tinge ; under man- 

 dible yellowish at the base (below). 



Hub. Eastern United States, to the llocky Mountains, has 

 occurred as far north as Toi-onto, and is rare east of the Hudson 

 Eiver, extends south into Florida and Southern Texas. 



Tweeddale Coll. 

 Trof. Steere [P.]. 

 Henshaw Coll. [S. 



