15. DENDKOCOPUS. 251 



is also less spotted with black. Total length 6-3 inches, culmen 0-93, 

 wing 3-9, tail 2'3, tarsus 0-7; toes (without claws) — outer anterior 

 0'47, outer posterior 0-55, inner anterior 0-43, inner posterior 0'25. 



Ad id t female. Diifers from the adult male in wanting the red on 

 the head, the forehead, crown, and occiput being black. Total length 

 6-2 inches, culmen O'SS, wing 3-95, tail 2-05, tarsus 0-65. 



Young nude. Has the red on the head confined to the tips of the 

 central crown-feathers, the hinder part of the crown and occiput 

 being black ; there is also a greater number of black bars on the 

 outer webs of the lateral tail-feathers. In other respects it is very 

 similar to the adult. 



llab. Tres Marias Islands, "Western Mexico. 



a. h. c? ad. sk. Tres Marias Islands, West Mexico Salvm-Godman Coll. 

 {A. Forrer). 



19. Dendrocopus borealis. 



Pious borealis, Viedl. Ois. Avier. Sejjf. ii. p. 66, pi. cxxii. (1807) 

 Jard. ed. Wilsoti's Amer. Orn. i. p. 251, pi. xv. tig. 1, ,5 (1832) 

 Baird, B. N. Amer. p. 96 (1858); Cav.-Tai/L Ibis, 1862, p. 128 

 Cass. Proc. Acad. Philad. 18U3, p. 203 ; Baird, Ibis, 1867, p. 270 

 Grai/, List Picid. Brit. Mus. p. 50 (1868) ; id. Hcnid-l. B. ii. p. 186 

 no. 8613 (1870) ; Coues, Key N. Amer. B. 1872, p. 192, fig. cxxix. 

 B., B., ^- E. Hist. N. Amer. B. ii. p. 524, pi. xlix. fig. 8, S (1874) 

 Mayn. Bds. E. N. Amer. p. 244, pi. xix. (1879) ; Coues, Key N. 

 Amer. B. 2nd ed. 1884, p. 481, fig. 331. 



Picus querukis, Bp. Syn. Bds. U. S. p._46, no. 44 (1826) ; Nutt. Man 

 Orn. 1832, p. 577 ; Bp. Consp. Gen. Av. i. p. 137 (1850) ; Cass. 

 Proc. Acad. Philad. 1863, p. 203; Sundev. Cotisp. Av. Picin. p. 21 

 (1866) ; Eidyic. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1880, p. 189, no. 362. 



Picus vieiUotii, Wagl. Syst. Av. Picus, sp. 20 ( $ ) (1827). 



Picus leucotis, Bp. Comp. List B. Bur. 8f N. Amer. p. 39, no. 253 

 (1838) ; Licht. Nomencl. Av. p. 75 (1854). 



Tbrenopipo borealis, Cab. ^' Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 70 (1863). 



Dryobates borealis, A. O. U. Check-list N. Amer. B. p. 212, no. 395 

 (1886) ; Ridyw. Man. N. Amer. B. p. 283 (1887) ; Scott, Auk, 

 1889, p. 251. 



Adult male. Back, rump, and scapulars barred black and white ; 

 wings and their coverts brownish black, the latter as well as both 

 webs of the quills spotted with white ; shafts brown ; upper tail- 

 coverts and the four central tail-feathers uniform blackish brown, 

 the next feather having the basal portion obliquely black, and the 

 apical portion white spotted with black at the tip, the two outer 

 large feathers almost entirely white, the inner webs being barred and 

 the apical portion of the outer webs spotted with black ; shafts 

 corresponding in colour with the surrounding web ; nasal plumes 

 white ; entire top of the head, occiput, nape and hind neck, lores, 

 a small stripe-like spot behind the eye, and a long and broad 

 malar stripe intense black ,• upon the side of the occiput a stripe of 

 red : sides of the face and neck, chin and throat silky white, the 

 entire under surface of the body and the under taU-coverts also 



