^- Heine, Mm. Hein. iv. p. 168 (1803); Blyth, Ibis, 186(3, p. Soo; 

 Grmi, List. Picid. Brit. Mus. p. 63 (1868) ; Blanf. J. A. S. B. 

 IStiO, p. 168; Gray, Hand-l. B.n. p. 189, no. "8647 (1870); 

 Haldsw. P. Z. S. 18t2, p. 427 ; Jerd. Ibis, 1872, p. 8; Adam, Sir. 

 F. 1873, p. 373; Ball, op. cit. 1874, p. 391 ; Leqqe, Ibis, 1875, 

 p. 283 ; Biifl. Str. F. 1875, p. 458, 1876, p. 37 ; Ball, op. dt. vii. 

 p. 206 (1878); Hume, op. cit. 1879, p. 87, no. 167 ; Butl. Cat. B. 

 Sind lS-c. no. 167 (1879) ; Vidal, Str. F. 1880, p. 52; Hume, t. c. 

 p. 191 ; Butl. t. c. p. 385 ; J. Davidson, op. cit. x. p. 297 (1882) ; 

 W. Dacison, Str. F. x. p. 355 (1883) ; Swinh. {>)■ Barnes, Ibis, 

 1885, p. 62. 



Adult male. The middle feathers of the upper hack and the hind 

 neck white, the former edged externally with black ; the remainder 

 of the back, the rump, upper tail-coverts, scapulars, and the forearm 

 uniform brownish black ; wing-coverts bright golden yellow on the 

 margins, the remaining part olive, and the bases black ; quills 

 brownish black, the secondaries golden olive externally, the outer 

 webs spotted Avith dull brownish or olivaceous white, the inner webs 

 having larger and whiter spots ; shafts blackish brown ; tail-feathers 

 and the shafts black ; base of the forehead black, spotted with white, 

 the remainder of the forehead, crown, and crest crimson ; sides of 

 the face and neck, and the whole of the uuderparts from the chin to 

 the under tail-coverts (both inclusive) white or slightly huffy, varied 

 with black in the following manner : — a stripe borders the crown 

 and occiput, a broad stripe from behind the eye, including the ear- 

 coverts, runs down the side of the neck ; the malar region is mar- 

 gined below and has a narrow longitudinal stripe running across it, 

 and on the chin and throat there is a median line ; from and in- 

 cluding the fore neck downwards all the feathers are more or less 

 broadly margined with black, except at the tip, and the whole has 

 a striped appearance ; under wing-coverts black, transversely spotted 

 with w hite ; the axillaries white, with large black spots. Total 

 length 11'8 inches, culmen 2-15, wing 6-OS, tail 3-25, tarsus 1-15 ; 

 toes (without claws) — outer anterior 0-95, outer posteroir 1-1, inner 

 anterior 0'73, inner posterior 0'5. 



Adult female *. Has the whole of the forehead as well as the 

 feathers bordering the crown brownish, spotted with creamy white, 

 the crown and crest brilliant golden yellow. In other respects it 

 resembles the adult male. Total length ll'S inches, culmen 2, wing 

 6'05, tail 3'2, tarsus 1-12. 



Younrj. The male resembles the adult of the same sex in having 

 the crown and occiput red, but they are more scarlet. The fore- 

 head is sparingly spotted with white, but the ground-colour is 

 smoky grey. The female is like the male, but the feathers of the 

 crown and crest are more or less yellow between the black bases 

 and the red tips. 



Hah. iTidia (generally), from the Aravalli range in the west to 



* Sometimes confounded with the female of the Javan C. stridus, on account 

 of its yellow crown and crest. 



