464: piciDiE. 



Swains. Faun. Bor.-Amer., Birds, ii. p. 301 (1831); And. Orn. 



Bioijr. i. p. 341 (1831) ; Nutt. Man. Orn. i. p. 5(34 (1832) ; Jard. 



ed. Wik. ^- Bp. Amer. Orn. ii. p. 8, pi. xxix. ti<^. 1, ^ ad. (1832) ; 



Swairui. Classif. B. ii. p. 306 (1837) ; Aud. Orn. Bioqr. v. App. 



p. o25, pi. Ixvi. tigs. 1 J ad., 2, 3 $ ad. (1839) ; id. 'Syn. B. N. 



Amer. p. 175, no. 257 (1839) ; id. B. N. Amer. 8vo, iv. p. 214, 



pi. cclvi., c? 2 $ ad. (1839); Sundev. Consp. Av. Picin. p. 4 



(1860). 

 Dryocopus principalis, Boie, Isis, 1828, p. 326; Bp. Consp. Gen. Av. 



i. p. 132 (1850). 

 Dendrocopus principalis, Bp. Comp. List B. Eur. ^ N. Amer. p. 39, 



no. 251 (1838). 

 Campepliilus principalis, Gray, List Gen. 1840, p. 54, 1841, p. 70 ; 



id. Gen. B. ii. p. 436 (1845) ; Reichenb. Scans. Picincs, p. 390, 



no. 898, pi. dcxlvi. figs. 4315-16, J $ (1854) ; Baird, B. N. Am. 



p. 81 (1858); Cav.-layl. Ibis, ISG2, p. 128; Dress, op. cit. 1865, 



p. 468 ; Gray, List Picid. Brit. Mus. p. 53 (1868) ; id. Hand-l. B. 



ii. p. 187, no. 8620 (1870) ; Ridg^o. Ann. Lye. N. York, 1874, 



p. 377 ; Mayn. Bds. E. N. Amer. p. 237, pi. xix. (1879) ; Ridgiv. 



Proc. U.S. Nat. Mtis. 1880, p. 188; Coues, Check-list N. Amer. B. 



2nd ed. 1882, p. 76 ; id. Key N. Amer. B. 2nd ed. p. 479, pi. 



p. 478, fig. 329 (1884); A.O.U. Check-list N. Amer. B. p. 210 



(1886) ; Ridi^^o. Man. N. Amer. B. p. 281 (1887) ; Scott, Auk, 



1889, p. 251. 

 Megapicos principalis, Malh. N. Classif., Mem. Acad. Metz, 1848-49, 



p. 318. 

 JNlegapicus principalis, Bp. Consp. Volucr. Zyyod. p. 7, no. 2 (1854) ; 



Malh. Picidce, i. p. 4, pi. i. figs. 4, o, d 2 ad- (1861). 

 Campophilus principalis. Cab. ^ Heine, Mtis. Hein. iv. p. 100 



(1863). 



Adult male. Plumage black glossed with greenish blue, with the 

 following exceptions : — a patch of brilliant scarlet arising above 

 the posterior part of the eye, bordering the ear-coverts, and above 

 running parallel with the elongated coronal feathers and covering 

 the occiput and nape, the occipital feathers very much elongated, 

 but rather shorter than the black feathers above ; the feathers com- 

 posing this patch having the extreme base black, with an interme- 

 diate spot of white ; nasal plumes and a line thence to the gape 

 white ; a white lino from under the ear-coverts running down the 

 side of the neck and of the back, but not uniting with the corre- 

 sponding stripe ; the exposed portion of the secondaries white ; the 

 innermost primaries having the tip of the outer web and a large 

 marginal patch on the apical portion of the inner web white ; under 

 wiug-coverls and axillaries white, and on the side of the bi'east a 

 patch of white concealed by the closed wings ; shafts of the quills 

 and of the tail-feathers black, except on the white portion of the 

 primaries and secondaries, on this the shafts being white. Total 

 length 19 inches, culmen 2-85, wing 10-l,tail 6-25, tarsus 1-8 ; toes 

 (without claws) — outer anterior 1-25, outer posterior 1-55, inner 

 anterior 1"17, inner posterior 0-85. 



Adult female. Difiers from the adult male in wanting the red on 

 the head, those parts which are of this colour in the male being of 



