3. THAMNOPHILtJS. 181 



For more convenient handling, I divide this numerous genus into 

 the following sections : — 



A. Of large size ; bill strong and hooked ; taU generally much 



lengthened ; plumage mostly banded or spotted, at least 

 in one sex : p. 181. 



B. Of large size ; biU strong and hooked ; tail shorter, slightly 



rounded ; plumage black and white : p. 1 84. 



C. Of smaller size ; general plumage of males black, of females 



rufous : p. 188. 



D. Of smaller size ; general plumage plumbeous : wings mostly 



with white spots or edgings : p. 192. 



E. Of smaller size ; head more or less crested aur' black ; 



wings black with white edgings ; tail with white tip : 

 p. 202. 



F. Of smaller size ; plumage more or less barred with black 



and white : p. 206. 



Sect. A. Of large size; bill strong and hooked; tail lengthened, 

 rectrices much graduated ; plumage mostly banded or spotted, 

 at least in one sex. 



Key to the Species. 



A. Above spotted or banded. 



a. Under siu'face mostly black, 



I Above black, with round white spots . . 1. leacln, p. 181. 



I Above black, -with white undulations . . 2. unduliger, p. 182. 

 h. Under surface mostly white 3. guttatus, p. 182. 



B. Above uniform. 



) TpH longer ; belly black 4. severits, p. 18.3. 



j TaU shorter ; belly cinereous -5. fuliffinosus, p. 183. 



1. Thamnophilus leacM. 



Thamuopliilus leachii, Such, Zool. Joiim. i. p. -508 ( c? ) : Jard. et Selb. 



III. Orn. pi. 41 ; Sclater, Edinb. Phil. Joitrn. u. .s. i. p. 230; id. 



P. Z. S. 1858, p. 207 (S.E. Brazil) ; id. Cat. A. B. p. 171 ; Bp. 



Consp. i. p. 198; Burm. Si/st. Ueb. iii. p. 90; Scl. et Sulv. 



Nomcncl. p. G9 ; Peh. Orn.' Bras. p. 74; White, P. Z. S. 1882, 



p. 014 (rep. Arg.) ; Berl. J. f. O. 1887, p. 132 (Paragnav) ; Scl. et 



Huds. Arc,. Orn. i. p. 202. 

 Thamnopliilus ruficeps, Such, Zool. Journ. i. p. 559 ( 2 ). 

 Lanius funebris, C'uv. in Mns. Par. ; Puch. Arch. Mus. Par. vii. 



p. .324. 

 Lochites leachi. Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hcin. ii. p. 19. 



Above black, with round white spots : beneath black, with slight 

 whitish cross bands on the belly ; bill and feet black : whole length 

 10'5 inches, wing 3*5, tail 5. Female. Above black, spotted with 



