16. niLcroN. 219 



^Tllo.sr'"''""""'^*'^'''"" "''■'°''' *^'-- ^'^"'- ^"!/"^"'^> --^Iced. p. 25 



Ilalcyon rufa, Wall. P. Z. S. 1862, p 338 



Halcjou coromanda, var. rafa, Brihjuem.Ahhandl. nat. Ver. Bremen, 

 \. p. o4 (ly/b : Celebes, Sanghir). 



Callialcyon rufa, Ji'ald. Trans. Z. S. viii. p. 44 (1872) ; Sahrcd. Ann. 

 i C^ <r\^'T m- P-6f .(18"= Celebes); Meyer, Ihk, 1879, 

 p. 02 (Celebes); Blasia.,, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. iii. p. 90 (1886) • id 

 0/-«is, IV. p. o/ 2 (1888: Great Sanghir). 



AT-. '^"'■'^•^anda rufa, Stejn. P,-oc. U.S. Nat. M,cs. x p 403 

 (loe/). i 



^(Z»?( 9«aJ.'. General colour above rufous with a lilac gloss, with 

 the lower bapk and rump silvery blue slightly tinged with lilac; 

 quills and tail rufous with more or less of a lilac gloss ; sides of 

 face, oar-coverts, and cheeks like the head; under surface of bodv 

 cinnaraon-bufr lighter on the abdomen, becoming gradually paler on 

 the throat, which fades to buffy white on the chin; undei wing- 

 coverts deep orange-buff ; quills reddish below, pale chestnut onl he 



nner web : " bill red, blackish at the base : legs and claws red • 

 ins brown "(^. jr. 0.^..)- Total length 9-5 indies, culmenj^k 

 wing 4-/, tail 2-7, tarsus 0-5. 



/ifftfimah. Similar to the male in colour, but perhaps not so 

 L"?us 0-55 ° '"'^'''' '"'°'™ ^■-^' ^i"g -^-l^! tail 2-5, 



Younrj DuUer in colour and browner than the adults, the head 

 more rufous than the back; the bill blackish, with a horny white 

 tip ; under surface of body light fawn-colour, the throat white • the 

 cheeks and the underparts crossed with wavv lines of duskv brown • 

 nhnnt 9" /"""I' '^It^^ -f ^^"^ ''^^^■'^' ^'^' «*' ^"^^''^^ mandible for 

 th rd of the upper mandible from tip gradually coming to a point on 

 ndge of culmen, w-hich were a very pale yellowish orange; legs 

 and feet dark red-brown, soles pale red; iris bluish gre?" C^ 



The ordinary form of E. coromandus from the Himalayas Man- 

 churia, and Japan is rather pale. The insular forms are darker and 

 richer lu colour, especially the one inhabiting the Andamans. Spe- 

 cimens from Borneo are rather smaller ; but the only race really 

 dcserMng of subspecific separation seems to mo to be the bird from 

 Celebes, which Mr. WaUace called Bah'i/on rufa 

 T Z"^"?' -,?^'^^™ ,^«ia from Corea to Japan and the Liu-Kiu 

 Islands, Eastern Cliina and Formosa; Eastern Himalayas ; throuo-h- 

 out the Indo-Chinese region to Java, Sumatra, liorneo, the Phifin. 

 pines, Celebes, and Sanghir. In the last two localities a permanent y 

 dark and large race occurs (//. rufa. WaU.). ^ 



«,6^Ad.;c.Juv. Nepal. ' Hodgson CoD. 



^. Ad. .k. Native Sikbim, Oct. (i. 3/^?^"^^^ cS^^^"^ 



delh). 



'"jn^^iV '' *' Sikhim, March to November (L. Hume CoU. 



Jin. SK. Mandelli). 



«. Ad.sk. Siklum,Nov. Tweeddale CoU. 



